Execise 13: Gross Anatomy Of The Muscular System

Front 1

Back 1

Frontalis (frontal belly of Epicranius)- Location: Forehead, Function: raises your eyebrows

Front 2

Back 2

Occipitalis- Location: Overlying the occipital bone, Function: Pulls your scalp posteriorly

Front 3

Back 3

Orbicularis Oculi- Location: The circular muscle around the eye; Function- closes your eyes

Front 4

Back 4

Levator Labii Superioris- Location: Broad sheet that extends from the side of the nose to the zygomatic bone; Function: raises your lip, "Elvis Muscle"

Front 5

Back 5

Zygomaticus Major- Location: Largest muscle overlying the cheekbone; Function: draws the angle of the mouth superiorly and posteriorly, "smiling muscle"

Front 6

Back 6

Orbicularis Oris- Location: Circular muscle located around the mouth, Function: puckers the lips, "Duck Face Muscle"

Front 7

Back 7

Mentalis- Location: Lower chin near mental foramen of the mandible; Function: upward-inward movement of the chin, "Frowning muscle"

Front 8

Back 8

Buccinator- Location: forms the anterior part of the cheek or the lateral wall of the oral cavity; Function- Holds food inside of mouth during chewing, "chewing muscle"

Front 9

Back 9

Temporalis- Location: Near Temporal bone; Function: elevates the mandible and closes the jaw, one of the muscles of Mastication.

Front 10

Back 10

Masseter-Location: thick, somewhat quadrilateral muscle, consisting of two heads, superficial and deep in the jaw; Function: The most obvious muscle of mastication

Front 11

Back 11

Platysma- Location: a superficial muscle that overlaps the sternocleidomastoid; Function: tenses the skin of your neck.Pee Wee Herman Muscle

Front 12

Back 12

Sternocleidomastoid- Location: a paired muscle in the superficial layers of the anterior portion of the neck; it is one of the largest and most superficial cervical muscles, Function: Rotates the head in the opposite direction

Front 13

Back 13

Pectoralis Major-Location: Largest muscle of the pectoral girdle; Function: pulls chest upward, adducts and medially rotates the arm.

Front 14

Back 14

Serratus Anterior- Location: Underlies Pectoralis Major; Function: rotates scapula, helps anchor scapula to chest wall.

Front 15

Back 15

Deltoid- Location:the muscle forming the rounded contour of the shoulder; Function- Arm Abduction

Front 16

Back 16

Pectoralis Minor- Location: Deep to Pectoralis Major; Function: Draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly

Front 17

Back 17

External Intercostals- Location:Superficial and inferior rib muscles ; Function: Elevates ribs allowing for inspiration (breathe in)

Front 18

Back 18

Internal Intercostals- Location:Any of the muscles with their origin from the lower border of a rib, with insertion into the upper border of the rib below, with nerve supply from the intercostal nerve; Function: Depression of Ribcage to allow for expiration (breathe out)

Front 19

Back 19

Rectus Abdominis- Location: Fibers run in parallel, paired muscle running vertically on each side of the anterior wall of the human abdomen; Function: Flexes and rotates the abdominals.

Front 20

Back 20

External Oblique- Location: the largest and the most superficial (outermost) of the three flat muscles of the lateral anterior abdomen; Function: functions to pull the chest downwards and compress the abdominal cavity

Front 21

Back 21

Internal Oblique- Location: the intermediate muscle of the abdomen, lying deep to (below) the external oblique and just superficial to (above) the transverse abdominal muscle. Function:helping to reduce the volume of the thoracic (chest) cavity during exhalation and rotates trunk and compresses abs.

Front 22

Back 22

Transverse Abdominis- Location: a muscle layer of the anterior and lateral (front and side) abdominal wall which is deep to (layered below) the internal oblique muscle, Deepest muscle of the Abdominals; Function: Compresses/squeezes abdominal contents, helps pregnant women deliver their child

Front 23

Back 23

Trapezius- Location: a large superficial muscle that extends longitudinally from the occipital bone to the lower thoracic vertebrae and laterally to the spine of the scapula. Function: Raises, rotates, retracts the scapula.

Front 24

Back 24

Latissimus Dorsi- broadest muscle of the back aka Lats; Location: the larger, flat, dorso-lateral muscle on the trunk, and partly covered by the trapezius on its median dorsal region. Function: Prime mover in arm extension and adducts.

Front 25

Back 25

Infraspinatus- Location: a thick triangular muscle, one of the four muscles of the rotator cuff; Function: Lateral rotation of the humerus.

Front 26

Back 26

Teres Major: Location: is a muscle of the upper limb and inferior to the Minor; Function: Extends and adducts the humerus.

Front 27

Back 27

Teres Minor- Location: is a narrow, elongated muscle of the rotator cuff, superior to the major; Function: Lateral rotation of the humerus.

Front 28

Back 28

Supraspinatus- Location: a relatively small muscle of the upper back that runs the scapula to the greater tubercle of the humerus; Function: Abducts the humerus and helps the deltoid.

Front 29

Back 29

Rhomboid Major- Location: A skeletal muscle on the back that connects the scapula with the vertebrae of the spinal column; Function: Stabilizes Scapula (during retraction)

Front 30

Back 30

Rhomboid Minor- Location: a small skeletal muscle on the back that connects the scapula with the vertebrae of the spinal column; Function: Stabilizes Scapula

Front 31

Back 31

Triceps Brachii- Location: the large muscle on the back of the upper arm; Function: Extension of the forearm, antagonist muscle to biceps.

Front 32

Back 32

Biceps Brachii- Location: is a two-headed muscle that lies on the upper arm between the shoulder and the elbow; Function: Flexes the forearm, agonist muscle to the Triceps.

Front 33

Back 33

Brachialis- Location: a muscle in the upper arm that flexes the elbow joint. It lies deeper than the biceps brachii; Function: Flexes the forearm and synergist to the biceps.

Front 34

Left anterior forearm

Back 34

Brachioradialis- Location: is a muscle of the forearm that is attached to the distal styloid process of the radius; Function: synergist to biceps, flexes the forearm

Front 35

Back 35

Flexor Carpi Radialis- Location: Anterior and Superficial muscle of the forearm, proximal to the wrist, the most lateral (closest to the thumb) tendon visible when the wrist is brought into flexion; Function: Flexes wrist and attaches to radius.

Front 36

Back 36

Palmaris Longus- Location: a small tendon between the flexor carpi radialis and the flexor carpi ulnaris, not always present; Function: tenses the skin and the facia of the palm of the hand.

Front 37

Back 37

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris- Location: arises by two heads - humeral and ulnar; Function: Flexes the wrist and attaches to the ulna

Front 38

Back 38

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis- Location: Anterior and superficial to the ulna and radius. Function: Flexes wrist to bring in the fingers

Front 39

Back 39

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis- Location: Posterior and lateral (closer to thumb) forearm; Function: Short muscle that attaches to the radius that extends the wrist.

Front 40

Back 40

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus- Location: posterior forearm and most lateral(lines up w/ thumb) ; Function: Long muscle that attaches to the radius and extends the wrist.

Front 41

Back 41

Extensor Digitorum- Location: Posterior forearm and most medial; Function: Extends the fingers

Front 42

Back 42

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris- Location: Posterior Forearm and closest to the pinky; Function: muscle that attach to the ulna and extend the wrist.

Front 43

Back 43

Sartorius- Location: Anterior long muscle of the Thigh, the S shaped superficial muscle; Function: Flexes, adducts, and rotates the thigh

Front 44

Back 44

Adductor Magnus- Location: Triangular shaped, inferior ischial tuberosity to the medial femur; Function: adducts the thigh

Front 45

Back 45

Adductor Longus- Location: inside of the thigh; Function: Long muscle that adducts the thigh

Front 46

Back 46

Gracilis- Location: the most superficial muscle on the medial side of the thigh. It is thin and flattened, broad above, narrow and tapering below; Function: Adducts the thigh

Front 47

Back 47

Quadriceps- Location: Anterior thigh; Function-Extends the knee, four muscles: Rectus Femoris- Superficial and medial (Blue), Vastus Lateralis- Deep and most lateral (yellow) , Vastus intermedius- Deep and in the middle (green) , Vastus Medial- Deep and most medial (red)

Front 48

Back 48

Tensor Fasciae Latae- Location: Lateral upper thigh; Function: Steadies the trunk

Front 49

Back 49

Gluteus Maximus- Location: Upper thigh (butt); Function: extends the thigh

Front 50

Back 50

Gluteus Medius- Location: on the side of the hip and is also superficial except for the posterior portion which is deep to the maximus muscle; Function: Abducts and moves the thigh in medially.

Front 51

Back 51

Hamstrings- Location: Posterior thigh muscles; Function: Flexis the knee; Composed of three muscles: Biceps femoris, Semitendinosus, and Semimembranosus.

Front 52

Back 52

Triceps Surae- Location: a group of muscles in the posterior distal leg, made up of the gastrocnemius and soleus, aka the calf. Function: Plantar flexion of the foot

Front 53

Back 53

Popliteus- Location: Behind the knee; Function: unlocks and contracts the knee

Front 54

Back 54

Tibialis Posterior- Location: is the most central of all the leg muscles, and is located in the posterior compartment of the leg; Function: Prime mover of foot inversion

Front 55

Back 55

Flexor Digitorum Longus- Location: Posterior and inner lower leg; Function: Long muscle that flexes toes

Front 56

Back 56

Flexor Hallucis Longus- Location: on the tibial side of the leg. At its origin it is thin and pointed, but it gradually increases in size as it descends; Function: Long muscle that flexes the Big Toe

Front 57

Back 57

Fibularis Longus- Location: a superficial muscle in the lateral compartment of the leg; Function: Plantar flexion and eversion of the foot.

Front 58

Back 58

Tibialis Anterior- Location: a muscle that originates in the upper two-thirds of the lateral (outside) surface of the tibia; Function: Dorsiflexion- points toes up

Front 59

Back 59

Extensor Digitorum Longus- Location: situated at the lateral part of the front of the leg; Function: Extends your toes

Front 60

Back 60

Extensor Hallucis Longus- Location: a thin muscle, situated between the Tibialis anterior and the Extensor digitorum longus; Function: Extends the Big Toe