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79 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Excretion |
Removal of metabolic wastes from the body |
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Metabolic wastes |
Byproducts of all chemical reactions |
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Kidneys |
Main organ of excretion |
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Collect water and filter body fluids |
Functions of excretory system |
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Waste from digestive system |
Unabsorbed matter that passed through the GI tract and anus |
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Waste from digestive system, chemical wastes |
Two kinds of bodily wastes |
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Chemical wastes |
Waste generated inside the body |
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Internal wastes |
Potentially dangerous |
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Nitrogenous waste |
Byproduct pf chemical breakdown of protein in food |
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Ammonia |
End product of protein breakdown |
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Carbon dioxide |
Product of the chemical reactions in living things |
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Paramecium |
Gets rid of excess water |
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Contractile vacuole |
Pumps water out of the cell |
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Soluble urea |
Secreted by mammals in urine |
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Uric acid |
Nitrogen waste excreted by birds, reptiles and insects |
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Kidneys |
Reaponsible for removal of metabolic wastes and water from blood, return most of the water to the bloodstream |
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Bladder |
Where waste is expelled in mammals |
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Cloaca |
Chamber systems in birds and reptiles |
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Kidneys |
Control body's water balance |
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Nephridia |
Organ of excretion for earthworms |
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Nephridium |
Organ of excretion of flatworms |
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Kidneys |
Regulate body fluid then remove wastes |
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Osmosis |
Moves water molecules across cell membranes until the concentration isvthe same on both sides |
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Urea |
Formed in the liver of amphibians |
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osmoregulation |
aquatic animals constantly deal with water influx |
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osmoconformers |
equal concentration inside and surrounding |
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prevention of water loss precention of salts diffusing into the body |
problems of osmoregulators |
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osmosis |
passing of water in the gills |
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active transport |
passing of salt through the gills |
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urine |
transparent yellow fluid |
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kidneys bladder urethra |
organs of excretory system |
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kidneys |
filter impurities of the blood then excreted in the urine |
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nephron |
functional unit of the kidney |
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nephron |
evolutionary modification of nephridium |
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ureter |
passage way of urine |
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bladder |
stores urine |
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urethra |
from the bladder to the outside of the body |
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ureters |
two long thin tubes |
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wavelike contraction |
aid in urine transport |
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urinalysis |
used by doctors as part of diagnosing disease |
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diabetes mellitus |
presence of glucose or blood sugar in urine |
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infection of the urinary system |
presence of bacteria |
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cancer |
red blood cells in the urine |
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hilum |
depression in the inner body of the kidney |
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hilum |
where the renal artery and vein and ureter connects to the kidney |
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renalis |
"near the kidney" latin term |
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renal artery |
carries blood into the kidney |
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renal vein |
carries blood into the heart from the kidney |
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nephrons |
coiled channels; blood filtering function and production of urine |
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renal pelvis |
funnel shaped and passage way of waste materials from the nephron |
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urinary bladder |
hollow muscular sac |
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ring like sphincter muscles |
surround the bladder's outlet and prevents spontaneous emptying |
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3.8 cm long |
urethra in females |
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20 cm long |
urethra in males |
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glomerolus bowman's capsule |
mechanically filters the blood |
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proximal convoluted tubule |
reabsorbs 75 percent of the water salts glucose and amino acids |
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loop of henle |
countercurrent exchange which maintain concentration gradient |
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distal convoluted tubule |
tubular secretion of H ions, potassium and certain drugs |
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arterial pressure |
causes water and solutes from the blood to filter into the capsule |
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antidiuretic hormone |
controls water reabsorption |
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pituitary gland |
releases ADH |
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renin |
released into the blood to control aldosterone |
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urologists |
physicuans specializing in urinary systems disorders |
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renal failure |
most serious disorders caused by builduo of toxic waste products in the blood due to ineffiecient filtration |
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acute renal failure |
caused by bacterial infection |
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chronic failure |
progressive deterioration of kidney |
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urinary calculi |
kidney stones, from graudal buildup of crystallized salt and minerals |
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hypospadias |
male urinary opening is misplaced on the penis |
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Escherichia coli |
intestinal bacterium |
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Osmosis |
Moves water molecules across cell membranes until the concentration isvthe same on both sides |
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Waste from digestive system |
Unabsorbed matter that passed through the GI tract and anus |
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Chemical wastes |
Waste generated inside the body |
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Internal wastes |
Potentially dangerous |
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Nitrogenous waste |
Byproduct pf chemical breakdown of protein in food |
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Ammonia |
End product of protein breakdown |
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Carbon dioxide |
Product of the chemical reactions in living things |
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Paramecium |
Gets rid of excess water |
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Contractile vacuole |
Pumps water out of the cell |
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Urea |
Formed in the liver of amphibians |
