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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Tissue
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Group of similar cells that arise from the same region of the developing embryo, and work together to perform a specific task.
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4 types of tissue
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-Epithelial: cover surfaces or line tubes and hollow organs.
-Connective: provide support, protection, and filling spaces. -Muscular: produces movement when stimulated by nerve impulses. -Nervous: neurons initiate nerve impulses. |
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Human development begins with...
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A single cell (a fertillized egg)
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Primary Germ Layers
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-Endoderm -innermost (digestive and respiratory)
-Mesoderm: middle layer (bone, muscle, connective) -Ectoderm: outermost (epithelium, nervous) |
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Epithelial tissue
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Cells tightly arranged in continuous sheets with little intracellular space.
-High rate of division helps keep tissue in constant repair. |
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Layers of eplithelial tissue
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Simple -single layer (diffusion, osmosis, filtration, secretion, absorption)
Stratified- two or more layers (protection) Pseudostratified - single layer, not all reach apical surface (ciliated or secrete mucous) |
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Ex of stratified epithelial tissue
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Palms, Finger, Soles
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Glandular epithelium
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Funcition: Secretion
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Gland
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Any collection of cell that secrete substances either into the blood, onto a surface, or into ducts.
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Endocrine glands
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Secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate body activites.
Ex. pituitary, adrenal, thyrod |
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Excocrine glands
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Secrete mucous, saliva, sweat into ducts that empty onto the surface of a lining
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Connective tissue
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Supports, strengthens, binds together other tissues.
-Primary site of stored energy (adipose tissue) and immune response and provides the body with its main transport system (blood). |
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Clast cells
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Break tissue down
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Blast cells
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Build tissue
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Process of building connective tissue
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Arise from 2 types of embryonic cells: BLAST cells divide and make matrix, Then CYTE cells maintain.
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6 Types of Connective Tissue
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Fibroblasts
Macrophages Plasma Cells Mast cells Adipocytes White blood cells |
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Loose connective tissue
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Most common type in human body. Composed of Areolar, Adipose, Reticular tissues.
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Areolar tissue
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Forms subcutaneous layer that attaches skin to underlying tissues.
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Adipose tissue
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Stores triglycerides (fat)
Provides insulation, and energy reserves. |
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Reticular tissue
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Supporting framework of the liver, lymph nodes, spleen.
Bind smooth muslce together. |
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Dense connective tissue
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Thicker fibers and fewer cells than loose. Tough. Forms tendons and ligaments.
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Dense regular connective tissue
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Tough, silvery-white, pliable
Ligaments, tendons |
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Dense irregular connective tissue
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Occurs where forces pull from multiple directions.
Pericardium, heart valves, dermis of skin |
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Elastic connective tissue
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Easily resumes normal shape after being stretched.
Walls of elastic arteries, lungs |
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Cartilage
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Made of tightly packed collagen and elastic fibers, in a rubbery substance known as chondroitin sulfate.
Ears, nose, trachea, intervertabal disks. |
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Hyaline cartilage
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Most abundant and weakest type in the body. Provides a smooth surface for movement at joints.
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Chondro
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Cartilage
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Fibrocartilage
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Kneecaps, discs between
Support and connectivity: Strongest |
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Elatic cartilage
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Gives shape and support
Epiglottis, external ear Strength and elasticity |
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Osseous tissue
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Bone tissue
Composed of collagen calcium phosphate (provides its durablity) |
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Compact bone
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Composed of osteons
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Spongy bone
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Lacks osteons
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Bood tissue
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Liquid matrix is blood plasma, with formed elements suspended in it.
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Lymph
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Extracellalar fluid flowing in lymphatic vessels
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Epithelial membrane
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Epithelial layer and connective layer
3 types: Mucous, Serous, Cutaneous |
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Synovial membrane
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Lines cavities of moveable joints
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