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114 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How many times zones are there in the world? |
24 |
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Time is calculated relative to the ______? |
Prime Meridian |
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How many time zones are in Canada? |
6 |
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True of false? Time zones add an hour to the East and subtract and hour to the West. |
True |
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What is Canada's most nickel-rich city? |
Sudbury |
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What is Canada's most important grain shipping port? |
Thunder bay |
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Is Halifax an old or new country? |
Old |
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How many approximate kilometers apart are the lines of latitude? |
111 Kilometers |
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What only province has a rainforest? |
British Columbia |
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What is the most populated province? |
Ontario |
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What % of Canadians live in Urban Areas? |
80% |
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What great lake does the Grand River flow into? |
Lake Erie |
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What is Canada's main trading partner? |
U.S.A |
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What is the first National park in Canada? |
Banff Park |
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What is the capital of Canada? |
Ottawa |
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The only country larger than Canada is? |
Russia |
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What two hemispheres is Canada in? |
North and West |
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What is canada's longest river? |
The Mackenzie river |
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What is Canada's most oil rich province? |
Alberta |
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What does the term 'Geography' literally mean? |
To write about the earth |
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How many provinces/territories are there? |
13 |
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What do contour lines represent? |
Elevation |
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What an example of a representative fraction on a topographic map? |
1:50 km |
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Which 3 highland mountain types are there? |
Appalachians, Intuitions and the Western Cordillera |
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Does the Canadian shield cover just under half of Canada? |
No, it's more than half |
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How were the oceans created? |
The mist of volcanoes millions of years ago |
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When was the beginning of the Cenozoic formation sequence? |
66 Million years ago |
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When was the beginning of the Mesozoic formation sequence? |
245-66 Million years ago |
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When was the beginning of the Paleozoic formation sequence? |
570 Million years ago |
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What do glaciers give us? |
Fertile land, sand, fresh water and beautiful landscapes |
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What is the appearance of a spillway? |
Deep, wide u-shaped river valley |
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How are out wash plains created? |
Debris sorted by water |
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What are some uses for Kettle lakes? |
Animal habitat, fishing |
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What does an Esker look like? |
Sleep, narrow winding ridge |
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Which two natural gasses existed nicely before human industry and interaction? |
Carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide |
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In the 21st century, 30% more carbon was in the earth's atmosphere than normal. What form of energy mainly caused this? |
Fossil fuels |
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What are the 3 greenhouse gasses? |
Carbon Dioxide, Nitrous Oxide and Methane |
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Which two variables can affect the world's temperature change? |
Temperature of the oceans, and amount of sun reflecting off the snow |
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What affects do rising temperatures have on our health? |
Increase of smog and spread of new diseases |
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Agriculture provides ___% of our climate change |
5% |
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What rock type is formed from cooled lava? |
Extrusive igneus |
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On a climate graph, what two factors are measured? |
Temperature (Red) And Precipitation (Blue) |
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How does convectional precipitation work? |
The air from the ground warms the moist air above it, then as it rises it cools causing precipitation. |
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Is convectional precipitation common in Ontario? |
Yes |
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What is cyclonic precipitation? |
When warm moist air, meets a cold, dry air |
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Is cyclonic precipitation common in Ontario? |
Yes |
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What does L O W N E R Stand for? |
Latitude, Ocean Currents, Wind patterns Nearness to water, Elevation and Relief |
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What does Latitude have to do with climate change? |
The farther you go from the equator, the colder the climate gets due to the tilting of the earth |
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What do ocean currents have to do with climate change? |
For example, different 'currents' bring different temperatures. The Labrador current brings cold moist air and the Gulf Stream current brings warm moist weather. |
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What do Winds have to do with climate change? |
Winds carry temperature very well. |
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What are the three main wind currents Canada receives? |
Maritime tropical- Warm, moist
Continental Arctic- Cool, dry Maritime Polar-Cold, moist |
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What does Nearness to water have do to with climate change? |
Living near large bodies of water can determine climate because Oceans don't have a large RANGE of temperature. |
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What does Elevation have to do with climate change? |
The farther from the core of the earth, the cooler it gets. For every 1000 meter increase in altitude, there's a 6.5 Degree decrease. |
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What does Relief have to do with climate change? |
When air masses with heavy moisture travel up a mountain, the air condenses, forming clouds and eventually precipitating down the other side. |
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How many climate regions are there in Canada? |
8 |
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How many people are employed by Canada's forests?
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600 000 |
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Is America the largest forest product exporter? |
No! Canada IS! |
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What (gasses) benefits do trees provide? |
The convert Co2 to O2 through photosynthesis |
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What are the advantages to Clear cutting? |
It's faster, and cuts more |
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What are disadvantages to clear cutting? |
Loss of habitat, hard to regenerate and noisy |
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What are the advantages to strip cutting? |
You can cut only what is required |
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What are the disadvantages to strip cutting? |
Time consuming and more costly |
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What are the advantages to selective cutting? |
It naturally regenerates |
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What is the advantage to shelter wood cutting? |
It's small scale, won't affect many people |
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What 3 provinces are the most resource-rich? |
Ontario, British Columbia, and Saskatchewan |
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Which 3 provinces are the most resource-poor? |
Yukon, Nunavut and Northwest-Territories |
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60% of Canada's water basins drain to the north, yet ____% of the population lives along the South |
85% of Canadians live along the south |
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What is the main water use in Canada? |
64% of our water is used for Thermal Heat and power |
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in 1999 only ___% of municipal population received tertiary sewage treatment |
40% |
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1 in ___ Canadians live near the Great Lakes |
1 in 3 Canadians live near the Great Lakes |
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90% of the world's fish is caught in ___% Of the world's water |
only 10% of the water houses all these fish being caught |
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What was the main source of income for Newfoundland? (Type of Fish) |
Cod Fish |
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When Cod fishing was banned, how many people were out of work? |
400 000 People were out of work |
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When did large scale fishing start? |
1950's |
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Has the fish population gone up, down or stayed the same overall? |
It went down, and is still going down |
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What technology is ruining the fish population? |
Sonar technology |
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Why is fishing considered one of the most wasteful practices in the world? |
Because fisherman are very specific in their catch, and throw away many injured fish |
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How does Thermal energy work? |
The burning of coal, oil and gas creates heat which is then converted to energy |
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What are some advantages to thermal energy? |
They use wasted products to create energy, and companies are generally good with cleaning up after they are finished |
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What are some disadvantages to thermal energy? |
Causes pollution and is non-renewable |
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How is hydroelectricity generated? |
Water pushes a turbine which is then converted from kinetic energy, to usable energy through a generator |
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What are the advantages to hydroelectricity? |
It is renewable, and produces very few harmful gasses |
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What are some disadvantages to hydroelectricity? |
Land around it must be flooded, noisy, and extremely expensive |
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How is nuclear energy created? |
The splitting of atoms creates bursts of energy producing heat that powers generators
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What are the main advantages to nuclear energy? |
Limited pollution and clean energy |
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What are some disadvantages to nuclear energy? |
Very dangerous, cannot dispose of waste |
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What are some examples of products using petroleum? |
Lubricants, candels, chemicals |
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Fossil fuels provide ___% of our electricity |
The provide 85% Of our electricity |
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How many years has it taken humans to extract more than half of the earth's crude oil? |
Only 150 years |
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What year was the peak oil discovery? |
1963 |
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What is the definition of carrying capacity? |
The number of living organisms the world can support without corruption |
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What are the 3 types of population pyramids? |
Expansive, stationary and constrictive |
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What type of population pyramids do third world countries typically have? |
Expansive pyramids because there are high birth rates |
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What type of population pyramid does the U.S. have? |
A stationary (slow growth) pyramid because they have rather equal numbers for all age groups |
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What type of population pyramid would Germany or Italy have? (Declining numbers) |
A constrictive pyramid, because they do not have high birth rates, and their population is aging |
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Which country contributes the most amount of money towards international AID |
United States |
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Is Canada among the top ten donor countries based on GNP? |
Yes, we are #9 |
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What is the average life expectancy for a Canadian? |
82 years of age |
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How many Canadians are taught to read? |
99% |
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How many Canadians are given the opportunity for free schooling? |
100% |
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When was the 'baby boom'? |
1950's - 1961 |
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What % of citizens in Waterloo are over 55 years of age? |
25% of citizens are over 55 years old |
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What province in Canada has the highest growth rate (not population) |
Alberta |
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Which province has the lowest growth rate |
Nova Scotia |
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What is the total estimated population of Canada? |
33 Million |
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Which 3 provinces have the highest populations? |
Ontario, Quebec and Newfound Land |
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Which province is the most densely populated? |
Prince Edward Island |
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What province has the most amount of CMA'S? |
Ontario |
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What 6 factors decide whether you're allowed to move (to live) to Canada? |
Education, Language, Work experience, Age, Arranged employment and adaptability |
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Where are Canada's majority of Immigrants from? |
Africa and Asia |
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What is a pull factor? |
Something that makes people want to immigrate |
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What is a push factor? |
Something that makes people want to emmigrate |
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What advantages did suburban life promise compared to the industrial city? |
Country living, space and affordable |
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What causes urban sprawl? |
Increase in population |
