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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Melanie Klein: personality is shaped by...
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relatinoships with significant others
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Klein: "splitting" refers to...
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the splitting of objects and feelings into good and bad aspects, in an effort to retain good ones as part of the self, while getting rid of bad ones by projecting them onto others
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Was Klein more interested in the "inner world" or "outer world"
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Inner world
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Klein's theory is known as...
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Object relations theory
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Object relations theory is...
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how our early relationships with people, and also with nonhuman things, like toys and pets, affect personality/patterns of living
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Albert Bandura studies learning that...
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isnt a result of conditioning
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learning by imitation
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1. attending to the model
2. remembering what is seen and heard 3. reproducing the memory during imiation 4. reinforcement for an accurate performance |
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bandura: reinforcement for behavior...
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does not strengthen a behavior directly, but a person's expectation for future responding.
an incentive to act, not a reward for past action |
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bandura: theory of motivation...
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dependent on
1. outcome expectations: what will happen if we do it 2. efficacy expectations: what we think we are able to do |
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efficacy expectation is dependent on 4 influences...
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performance accomplishments, vicarious experience, verbal persuasion, emotional arousal
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agentic perspective:
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people actively contribute to their experience
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Julian Rotter: locus of control
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the extent to which a person beleives that reinforcements are a result of his or her own behavior, or outside influences
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internal vs external locus of control
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internal: results are from his/her own behavior. generally a healthier more successful approach
external: outside forces Rotter believes that an extreme view in either direction is unrealistic and unheatlthy |
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Rotter: I-E Scale
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Measures internal/external locus of control
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Gordon Allport: definition of personality
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"the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychological systems that determine his characteristic behavior and thought"
dynamic=changing determined=structured by past, predisposing of the future organized=structured psychophysical=involves both mind and body characteristic=unique for each individual an actual entity comprised of traits |
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Allport: procrium
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original term for something like the go
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Allport: traits
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hundreds
real, biologically rooted, shaped by enviornment |
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3 types of traits
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Cardinal, Central, Secondary
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individual vs common traits
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vary from culture to culture
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8 aspects of procrium development
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Bodily Self
Self-identity Self-esteem Self-extension Self-image Self-as-rational-coper Propriate-striving Self-as-knower |
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3 signs of maturity
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Self extension
self-objectification unified philosophy of life |
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Raymond Cattell: personality
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trait theory
traits need to go beyond just an individual's overt behaviors |
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Surface traits vs Source traits
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Surface: clusters of overt behavior responses that appear to go together
Source traits: the underlying variables that seem to determine the surface manifestation |
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16 Basic Source Traits as the building blocks of personality
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outgoing - reserved
more intelligent- less intelligent high ego strength- low ego strength assertive- humble happy go lucky - sober strong conscience - lack of internal standards adventuresome- shy tough minded - tender minded trusting - suspicious imaginative- practical shrewd - forthright apprehensive - self-assured experimental - conservative group dependent - self sufficient casual - controlled relaxed - tense |
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Cattell's primary research tool was...
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factor analysis
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The Big Five Personality Traits
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Openness
Concscientiousness Extraversion Agreeableness Neuroticism (OCEAN) |
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The Big Five vs The Five Factor Model
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FFM is an interpretation and expansion of TBF
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