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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Arrange in correct order from the least to the most complex? Organ Tissue Molecular Cellular Organism Organ System |
Molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism |
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The tendency for physiological systems to stabilize internal conditions is termed... |
Homeostasis
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A cell or an organ that responds to commands of the control center during negative feedback response is termed a(n)... |
Effector
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This type of feedback exaggerates the effects of variations from normal...
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Positive |
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An example of a receptor in a negative feedback loop controlling body temperature would be... |
detect a change |
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The atomic number of an atom is determined by its number of... |
Protons
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The atomic weight of an atom reflects the average number of... |
Protons + Neutrons
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Isotopes of an element differ in the number of
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Neutrons in the nucleus |
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Neon (Ne) has an atomic number of 10. It is chemically stable because it |
Has a full outer electron shell
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The chemical behavior of an atom is determined by the |
electrons in the outermost shell.
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If an isotope of oxygen has 8 protons, 10 neutrons, and 8 electrons, its mass number is |
18
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When one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another, and the two atoms unite as a result of the opposite charges, a(n) _________ is formed. |
Ionic bond
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Magnesium atoms have two electrons in the outermost shell. As a result, you would expect magnesium to form ions with a charge of
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+2
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When atoms complete their outer electron shell by sharing electrons, they form
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Covalent bonds
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If a pair of electrons is unequally shared between two atoms, a(n) ________ bond occurs. |
Polar covalent
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Oxygen (O, atomic number 8) requires how many additional electrons to fill its outer electron shell? |
2
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In chemical notation, the symbol Ca2+ means
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a Calcium ion that has lost 2 electrons
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The reaction A+B+energy > AB is an example of a(n) _________ reaction. |
Endergonic
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In hydrolysis reactions, compounds react with
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water, causing decomposition
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Hydrophilic molecules readily dissolve in
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water
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A(n) ________ removes hydrogen ions and a(n) _________ releases hydrogen ions. |
base; acid
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An important buffer in the body is
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HCO3
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Which has the greater concentration of hydrogen ions, a substance with a pH of 5 or a substance with a pH of 4? |
pH of 4 is greater |
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An organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a near 1:2:1 ratio would be a... |
Carbohydrate
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When two monosaccharides undergo a dehydration synthesis, |
A disaccharide is formed
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A fatty acid with no double bonds between carbon atoms is |
Saturated |
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The monomers of protein are
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amino acids
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Each amino acid differs from another in the
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Side chain (R group)
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A nucleotide consists of a
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five-carbon sugar, a nitrogenous base, an a phosphate group |
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A high-energy bond in ATP is present between
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the phosphate group
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The tails of a phospholipid molecule are
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hydrophilic
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A solution that contains the same osmotic pressure as that in the cytoplasm of a cell in called |
isotonic |
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A red blood cell would swell and blow up when it is placed in a(n) ________ solution. |
Hypotonic
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Which of the following cytoskeleton components moves the chromosomes during cell devision |
microtubules
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Most of the ATP required to power cellular operations is produced in the |
mitochondria
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When activated, lysosome function in
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digestion of materials |
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Which of the following properties of the cytoskeleton is incorrect? |
made of cytobones
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Which organelle is most prominent in cells that make large amounts of protein?
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ribosomes
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Some cells contain large numbers of mitochondria while others have relatively few or none. This suggests that... |
cells with large numbers of mitochondria have a high energy demand
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Most of a cell's DNA is located in its
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Nucleus |
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Chromosomes consist of _______ and _________.
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DNA; Protein
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What packages newly synthesized proteins and then sends them to the Golgi apparatus for modification?
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rough endoplasmic reticulum
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The functional units of DNA that encode the instructions for making proteins are |
genes
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If an animal cell lacked centrioles, it would not be able to
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separate chromosomes during mitosis
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The control center for cellular operations is the
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nucleus |
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mRNA is needed to make _________ in the cytoplasm |
proteins
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The process of making mRNA from DNA is called
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transcription
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The process of making proteins from mRNA is called
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translation
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According to the base paring rules, the DNA sequence that is complementary to the sequence 'ATC' on a template DNA strand is |
TAG
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The DNA base thymine is replaced by which base in RNA?
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Uracil (U)
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