Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is the difference between disabled and handicapped?
|
Disability is a functional impairment
Handicap is a disadvantage |
|
|
What is the definition of prevalence?
|
the percentage of people in a population (with a certain disability)
|
|
|
What is the definition of normalization?
|
a philisophical belief in special education that every individual, even the most disabled, should have an education and living environment as close to normal as possible
|
|
|
What is the definition of institutionalization?
|
the process of being admitted to an institution as opposed
|
|
|
What is full inclusion?
|
all students with disabilitites are placed in their neighborhood schools in general education classrooms for the entire day; general education teachers have the primary responsibility for students with disabilities. sped teacher will be available
|
|
|
What is the definition of mainstreaming?
|
the sped child is placed in the general ed class for as long as they can handle it. homeroom remains as sped room
|
|
|
What is a least restrictive environment?
|
a legal term referring to the fact that exceptional children must be educated in as normal an environment as possible
|
|
|
What is partial participation?
|
an approach in which students with disabilities, while in the general education classroom, engage in the same activities as nondisabled students but on a reduced basis; the teacher adapts the activity to allow each student to participate as much as possible
|
|
|
What is IFSP?
|
a plan mandated by PL 99-457 to provide services for young children with disabilities (under 3 years of age) and their families;drawn up by professionals and parents; similar to an IEP for older children
|
|
|
Define prenatal
|
the fetal development period
|
|
|
Definte perinatal.
|
the time during birth
|
|
|
Define postnatal.
|
time after birth
|
|
|
Locus of control
|
a motivational term referring to how people explain their success or failures; people with an internal locus of control believe they are the reason for their success. people with external believe others are responsible for failure or success
|
|
|
Define dyslexia.
|
difficulties learning how to decode words, spell, and read
|
|
|
Definte IQ achievement discrempancy
|
academic performance markedly lower than would be expected on the basis of a student's intellectual ability
|
|
|
Define adaptive skills.
|
common everyday skills that must be taught to adults to transition into adulthood and become independent ex: how to ride a bus
|
|
|
Define contigency based self management
|
educational techniques that involve having students keep track of their own behavior, for which they then receive consequences
|
|
|
Define task analysis
|
the procedure of breaking down an academic task into its component parts for the purpose of instruction; a major feature of direct instruction
|
|
|
How is partial participation beneficial for a student?
|
it provides academic benefits and social interaction
|
|
|
How long can a child have a label of "developmental delay"?
|
up until school age, around 7 years old
|
|
|
What is the purpose of multicultural education?
|
to provide equal educational opportunities to students regardless of their gender, social class, ethnicity, race, disability, or other cultural identity.
|
|
|
What does early intervention prevent?
|
it prevents the disability from worsening and can prevent the development of other disabilities
|
|
|
What does instruction in a "regular classroom" provide?
|
the most intergration for students in special ed
|
|
|
what is homebound instruction?
|
the student receives instruction from the home as opposed to a classroom
|
|
|
What is Itard known for?
|
a french physician who was an authority on the diseases of the ear and on the education of deaf students. he educated a 12 yr old boy "wild boy".used systematic instruction to help improve the child
|
|
|
Who is Pinel?
|
Itard's mentor who did not believe Itard could help the "wild boy"
|
|
|
Who is Seguin?
|
He is Itard's student who focused on cognitive issues with the students
|
|
|
What does IDEA stand for?
|
individuals with disabilities education act
|
|
|
What does IDEA state?
|
that children with disabilities are required to receive a free and appropriate education in the least restrictive environment
|
|
|
What does PL-457 state about "transition"
|
it requires that each student's IEP include a statement of needed transition services beginning no later than 14 years of age and annually thereafter. it includes services to aid in the adjustment to independent life and assistance with employment
|
|
|
What do trends of special education consist of?
|
early intervention, integration,and transition
|
|
|
What kind of challenges does cultural diversity allow for?
|
challenges in assessment, instruction, and socialization
|
|
|
How does cultural behavior be confused with exceptionality?
|
certain cultures may have customs that may seem to be like disabilities in children such as not making eye contact but are really signs if their culture
|
|
|
What is the major component of the AAMR?
|
significant subaverage intelligence
|
|
|
What are the cutoff IQ scores for the AAMR?
|
70-75
|
|
|
What are some of the characteristics of Down syndrome?
|
thick epicanthal folds in the corners of the eyes, slanted eyes, small stature, decreased muscle tone, hyperflexibility of the joints, a small oral cavity that can result in a protruding tongie, short broad hands with a single palmar increase, heart defects, and susceptibility to upper respiratory infections.
|
|
|
An older mother's child is more at risk of having what?
|
down syndrome
|
|
|
What sex does fragile x syndrome occur most in?
|
males
|
|
|
Describe fragile x syndrome.
|
associated with the 23rd pair of chromosomes..fragile x syndrome characteristics: large head, large flat ears, a long narrow face, and large hands with nontapering fingers
results in some intellectual disabilities |
|
|
What is hydrocephalus and what is the treatment?
|
accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid inside or outside the brain.
treatment is surgical placement of a shunt or insertion of a tube taht causes the fluid to bypass the obstructed area of the brain |
|
|
What are the causes of fetal alcohol syndrome?
|
excessive consumption of alcohol by pregnant women
|
|
|
How does cultural familial relate to mental retardation "MR"?
|
genetics and the environment play a role in MR
|
|
|
What is the difference between "Functional assessment" and "functional analysis"?
|
functional assessment evaluates the purpose the behavior serves, what triggers it, and what setting events that maintain appropriate behaviors
functional analysis-ads the step of systematically altering the antecedents and consequences of the behavior to determine what the driving forces are behind the behavior |
|
|
How is adaptive behavior assessed?
|
task analysis
|
|
|
What is true about learning disabilities?
|
individuals can inherit the disability; they ALL have academic problems which is also due to an "external locus of control" and they struggle mostly with READING.
|
|
|
What kinds of medications are used to treat ADHD?
|
psychostimulants
|
|
|
How is ADHD treated?
|
with medication, behavioral treatment or a combination of both which is the most effective treatment
|
|
|
Students with ADHD receive IEP services under what?
|
OHI, other health impaired
|
