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61 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
cyclophosphamide, drug class
alkylating agent, cycle specific
cyclophosphamide, side fx
hemorrhagic cystitis
alkylating agents
cyclophosphamide, chlorambucil, nitrosoureas, busulfan, cisplatin, carboplatin
cisplatin side fx
nephro- ototoxicity, peripheral neuropathy and nausea/emesis
cytotoxic ABX
doxorubicin
doxorubicin, side fx
cardiotoxicity
methotrexate drug class
antimetabolite, inhibits DNA synth
methotrexate side fx
stomatitis, pulmonary/hepatic probs, restrict OH intake
vincristine, drug class
mitotic inhibitor
vincristine side fx
neurotoxicity, interferes with mitotic spindle formation so longer nerves may be damaged
ABX, 5 MoA
1. inhibit cell wall synth, 2. inhibit protein synth, 3. disrupt membrane perm, 4. inhibit nucleic acid synth, 5. inhibit specific pathways
cell wall synth blockers (2)
penicillins, cephalosporins
protein synth blockers (4)
aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, tetracyclines, erythromycin
disrupt membrane permeability (3)
amphotericin B, polymycin, nystatin
inhibit nucleic acid synth (2)
rifampin, antivirals
inhibit pathways (2)
sulfonamides, anti-TB agents
important allergies, drug classes (2)
penicillin, sulfonamide
may induce aplastic anemia
chloramphenicol
danger of broad spectrum ABX
superinfection, pseudomembranous colitis
danger of tetracycline long term use (acne)
superinfection of candidiasis
cephalosporins and BBB
cannot cross
4 ways bacteria develop resistance:
enzymes, permeability, alter target of drug, alter metabolic path
penicillin G modifications (5)
1. efficacy v gram neg | 2. degradation by gastric acid | 3. rapid excretion | 4. hydrolyzed by beta-lactamase and penicillinase | 5. urticarial, anaphylactic rxns
penicillins (2)
ampicillin, ticarcillin
cephalosporins, gen notes
later gens more effective against gram neg, broader spectrum; NOT first line rx
aminoglycosides, MoA
inhibit bacterial protein synthesis
prototype aminoglycoside
gentamycin; take peak and trough reading
aminoglycosides are NOT given with...
bacteriostatics
side fx of aminoglycosides
nephro-, ototoxicity; NMJ blocking fx.
tetracyline MoA
bacteriostatic, inhibit protein synthesis; broad spectrum
macrolide prototype
erythromycin
macrolide MoA
broad spectrum bacteriostatic, inhibits protein synth
sulfonamides, prototype
sulfisoxazole
sulfonamides, MoA
interfere with PABA conversion
sulfonamides, indications
UTI, bacterial infections of the kidney?
sulfonamides, side fx
allergy, crystalluria, bone marrow tox; can displace bilirubin
tx sulfonamide tox
reduce dose, maintain adequate urine output, alkalinizing urine
fluoroquinolones
ciprofloxacin, potent broad spectrum ABX (alter bacterial DNA)
chloramphenicol
inhibit protein synth, most likely to cause serious side fx (aplastic anemia), can cause gray baby syndrome
asymptomatic TB tx
isoniazid
symptomatic TB
isoniazid, rifampin (can +ethambutol, streptomycin)
tx side fx of isoniazid
vit b6
side fx of isoniazid
hepatitis, neuropathy (B6)
rifampin side fx
turn bodily fluids red orange
ethambutol side fx
loss of green color vision and reduced visual acuity
antiviral agents (2)
acyclovir, amantadine
antimalarials (2)
chloroquine, primaquin
glucocorticoids, side fx: blood glucose changes
hyperglycemia
glucocorticoids, side fx: fat deposits
relocalized (fat face)
glucocorticoids, side fx: wound healing
reduced
glucocorticoids, side fx: muscle
muscle wasting
glucocorticoids, side fx: osteoporosis
yes, increased blood calcium
glucocorticoids, side fx: intraorbital pressure
increased, leads to cataracts
glucocorticoids, side fx: serum lipids, cholesterol
increase
glucocorticoids, side fx: ulcers
increased- thin mucous produced
glucocorticoids, side fx: water, Na retention
increased
glucocorticoids, side fx: edema
YEP
glucocorticoids, side fx: immune response
decreased
mineralocorticoids, side fx: HTN
yep
mineralocorticoids, side fx: edema
increased water/Na retention
mineralocorticoids, side fx: potassium levels
decrease-> hypokalemia