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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
C-spine overview:
Nerve roots exit ... level of same number vertebral body (the nerve root is named by the vertebral body ... it) (C8 is below...) |
above
below C7 |
|
Atypical cervical vertebrae
-OA joint (occiput on atlas) -AA joint (atlas on axis) -C7 Typical cervical vertebrae -bottom of ... to ... |
C2 to C6
|
|
C1: atlas
No ... No true ... -Posterior ... present Articulates at ... of axis Prominent palpable transverse process No ... present bt occiput and atlas |
vertebral body
spinous process tubercle odontoid process disc |
|
50% of extension and flexion of the C-spine occur at the ... joint
... motion also occurs here |
Occipito-atlantal
side-slipping |
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Occipito-Atlantal joint motion:
... glide over superior articular facets of C1 |
occipital condyles
|
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If I am side-slipped to the right, I will sidebend ... and rotate ... at the OA joint
|
left
right |
|
... is the point upon which atlas and head rotate
|
“axis” (C2)
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Atlanto-axial (AA) joint:
Rotation of head and atlas on axis occurs at ... and at ... Facets oriented in ... plane, relatively flat |
articular facets
dens coronal |
|
50% of cervical motion occurs at the AA joint
For practical purposes the AA joint moves in ... only Any sidebending will occur to ... side |
rotation
opposite |
|
...:
Primarily flexion / extension -50% of Cervical Flexion and Extension “YES” joint A small amount of Rotation and Side bending to opposite sides (“sideslipping”) ...: Primarily rotation -50 % of Cervical Rotation “NO” joint |
OA joint
AA joint |
|
Typical cervical Vertebrae:
Short ... spinous process Modified transverse process=“...” ... present where vertebral artery courses Facets oriented in coronal plane -(Backward upward medial) ...-shaped vertebral body |
bifid
lateral mass Transverse foramen Saddle |
|
C7: Atypical vertebrae
“...” Long, ... spinous process Transverse processes more ... Vertebral artery ... pass through its transverse foramen (C7 is mechanically similar to the typical vertebrae) |
Vertebra prominens
non-bifid prominent does not |
|
Uncovertebral joints:
-“Joints of ...” -...-... -... lips project upwards from superior surface, ... downwards -Add ... to C-spine while allowing flexion and extension, sidebending and rotation |
Luschka
C3-C7 Two one stability |
|
Fascia: ...
External occipital protuberance to spinous process of all cervical vertebrae Forms septum bt muscles on either side of neck |
Ligamentum Nuchae
|
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Nerves:
Exit ... named vertebra C8 exits below ... and from then on each nerve exits ... named vertebra |
ABOVE
C7 BELOW |
|
Sternocleido-mastoid (SCM)
Rotates ..., sidebends ... that side Mastoid process of occiput to ... and ... |
AWAY
TOWARD Sternum and Clavicle |
|
Levator scapulae:
attaches from Lateral masses of ... to ... border of scapula Raises scapula Sidebends neck |
C1-C4
medial |
|
Scalene muscles:
Transverse processes of ...-... Ant/Middle: -elevate ... rib and rotate neck ... Posterior: -elevate ... rib and rotate ... Accessory mm of inspiration |
C2-C7
1st away 2nd toward |
|
C3-C7: “typical cervicals”
There are no ... dysfunctions All typical somatic dysfunctions have rotation and side bending to the .. -Type ... mechanics Posterior lateral joints of ... are present |
group
same side II Luschka |
|
Typical cervical vertebrae movements:
Side-bending and rotation to occur to the ... Due to ... orientation and joints of ... |
SAME side
facet Luschka |
|
OA motion:
Flexion/Extension in gliding motion “Sideslipping”: -Rotation and sidebending in ... directions If i’m side slipped right, I will be sidebent ..., rotated ... |
OPPOSITE
left right |
|
OA sideslipping:
Sideslipping is a gliding motion which consists of sidebending and rotation in ... directions |
opposite
|
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the ... glide over C1 articular surfaces
|
occipital condyles
|
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OA sagittal plane somatic dysfunction:
Flexion Somatic Dysfunction -occipital condyles have moved ... in relation to C1 -space between occiput and C1 feels ... -patient looks like chin is ... Extension Somatic Dysfunction -condyles are ... in relation to C1 -space between occiput and C1 feels ... -patient looks like chin is ... |
posteriorly
deeper tucked anterior shallower sticking out |
|
Treating the AA: ROTATE!
look how far the patient’s chin moves relative to their shoulder on both sides by ... the patient’s neck, you can lock out rotation motion of the lower C-spine and primarily assess motion at the AA |
flexing
|
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Evaluation of the cervical spine:
Test for side-bending preference by pushing infero-medially -Pushing medially at right side will sidebend segment to ... Test for rotation preference by pushing anteriorly -Pushing left side anteriorly will rotate segment to ... |
RIGHT
RIGHT |
|
Evaluation of the AA joint:
Motion testing: -... patient’s head to “lock-out” lower vertebrae -Rotate left, rotate right -Compare sides |
Forward bend
|
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Corresponding landmarks to cervical vertebrae:
Hyoid bone - ... thyroid cartilage - ... first cricoid ring - ... carotid tubercle - ... |
C3
C4/C5 C6 C6 |