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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Neutrons |
Particle that keeps a chain reaction going |
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Kinetic Molecular Theory |
Particles of a gas are in rapid constant motion and move in straight lines. Gas particles are tiny compared to the space between them. |
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Burning Coal
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A complex combination of organic materials that burn and inorganic materials that produce ash. When burned CO2 is produced and mineral impurities form ash. |
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Uses of radioisotopes |
Used as tracers in physical, chemical, and biological systems because behave nearly identical in chemical and physical processes. |
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Saturated Fat |
Fatty acids with no carbon to carbon double bonds. Has a higher melting point. |
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Unsaturated Fat |
Fatty acids with carbon to carbon double bonds. Sometimes one (mono) sometimes many (poly) Has a lower melting point. |
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Vitamin |
Organic substances the human body needs but can not manufacture in sufficient quantities. |
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Fat Soluble Vitamines |
Vitamin A & D Toxic in large quantities |
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Vitamin A |
Good Vision, bone development, skin maintenance. Fat soluble & stored in fatty tissues. |
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Vitamin B |
Water Soluble Low toxicity |
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Transmutation |
Changing one element into another by changing the nucleus |
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Natural Gas |
Mainly methane and burns relatively clean |
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First law of thermodynamics |
Law of conservation of energy. Energy can not be created or destroyed. |
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Second law of thermodynamics |
In a spontaneous process, energy is degraded from more useful forms to less useful forms. |
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Lotion |
An emulsion of oil in water. Thinner. |
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Cream |
An emulsion of water in oil. Thicker |
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Proteins |
Chains of amino acids whose structure is determined by the sequence of amino acids. Held together by hydrogen bonds. |
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DNA |
A-T G-C |
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RNA |
A single strand of nucleic acid with some internal base pairing. U-A G-C |
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Recombinant DNA |
DNA that has been created artificially by incorporating two different DNA molecules into one. |
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Nuclear Fission |
The nucleus spits into several pieces. The main process for creating nuclear energy. |
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Nuclear Fusion |
Small atoms combine to form larger atoms. Creates the suns energy |
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Gamma rays |
Can be stopped by a block of lead. Has a mass of zero |
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First Law of Thermodynamics |
Energy can not be created or destroyed. |
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Exothermic |
Chemical reactions that result in the release of heat. |
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Endothermic |
Chemical reactions that require heat. |
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Alpha Decay |
Atoms break down in a spontaneous process giving off alpha particles 4/2He |
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Beta Decay |
A neutron in the nucleus is converted to a proton which is in the nucleus so the mass stays the same but the charge changes. 0/-1e (electron) |
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GRAS |
List of generally recognized and safe food additives. |
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Androgen |
Male sex hormone |
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Nutrients |
Nitrogen - phosphorous - potassium |
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Ionizing Radiation |
Radiation with enough energy to knock electrons creating charged particles. |
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Antimetabolite |
A compound that resembles a substance essential to normal body metabolism. Block DNA synthesis blocking cancer cells. |
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Hypertension |
High blood pressure. Treated by diuretics, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, and angiotensin-vocerting enzymes. |
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Iron in the body |
Essential for the functioning of the oxygen transporting compound hemoglobin. Without enough iron the oxygen would not be transported to body tissues. |
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Body Mass Index (BMI) |
A commonly used measure of fatness. Weight divided by the height. |
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Antiperspirants |
Hydroxides of aluminum and zirconium used to retard perspiration. |
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NSAID |
Ibuprofen Non steroidal anti inflamitory drug |
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Antipyretic |
Fever Reducer |
