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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is something you always need to get on your ped's neuro patient?
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Their baseline
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What is papilledema?
Why does it rarely occur in infants? |
Papilledema is swelling inside the skull that pushes down on pupil and optic nerve
Rarely occurs in infants since their fontanels expand to compensate for the increased pressure |
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What are soft signs?
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Subtle clues to neuro damage occuring
***not completed get the actual signs on page 844*** |
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What are you assessing on your neuro patient?
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1. Eyes. Are pupils equal round reactive to light and accomidation?
2. Verbal. Are they oriented times 4? 3. Motor. Do they obey verbal commands? |
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What does Cerebral Herniation mean?
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Brain dead
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What qualifies as increased intercranial pressure?
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Pressure greater than 20 mm of mercury
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What are the 5 early signs of I.C.P. for infants?
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1. Increased head circumference
2. Bulging fontanel 3. Irritability 4. Poor feeding and vomiting 5. Lethargy |
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What are 5 very bad late signs of I.C.P. for infants?
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1. Distended scalp veins
2. Separation of suture lines 3. High pitched cry 4. Downward eye deviation 5. Increased or decreased pain response |
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What are signs of I C P for children?
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Mood swings
Headache N & V Diplopia Slurred speech Altered L O C Memory loss Ataxia Papilledema Seizures |
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What are late signs of I C P?
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1. Tachy early but then turns into Brady later
2. Apnea, stop breathing 3. Blood pressure goes up 4. Flexed or Extended posturing (on slide 5) 5. Cushings response |
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What are your 5 areas of neuro nursing interventions?
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1. Assess
2. Maintain airway / perfusion 3. Patient safety 4. Lower ICP 5. Nutrional & fluid needs |
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Where do 90% of spina bifida cystica occur on the spine?
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Below L2
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Whats the difference between a patient with spina bifida at the T-12 and spina bifida at the S3?
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T-12 patients will have flaccid limbs, incontinence, and lower sensation to hot / cold / pain
S-3 patients will have no motor impairment but will have decreased bladder sensation and anal sphincter paralysis in addition to clubbed feet |
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What are your 5 areas of neuro nursing interventions?
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1. Assess
2. Maintain airway / perfusion 3. Patient safety 4. Lower ICP 5. Nutrional & fluid needs |
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Where do 90% of spina bifida cystica occur on the spine?
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Below L2
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Whats the difference between a patient with spina bifida at the T-12 and spina bifida at the S3?
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T-12 patients will have flaccid limbs, incontinence, and lower sensation to hot / cold / pain
S-3 patients will have no motor impairment but will have decreased bladder sensation and anal sphincter paralysis in addition to clubbed feet |
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What is the most common complication spina bifida kids get?
What are some other common ones? |
Hydrocephalus
Also: - Clubbed feet - Dislocation of hips - Scoliosis |
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What does clubbed feet occur in kids with spina bifida?
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Because they aren't able to move their lower extremities and get stuck in a certain position which causes the feet not to form correctly.
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What are the two types of sacs regarding spina bifida?
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Miningocele sac only contains meninges
Mylomeningocele contains meninges + spinal nerves so you have a greater chance of deficits or damage |
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How do we deal with hydrocephalus?
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V.P. shunt system that drains c.s.f. fluid to the peritoneal cavity
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What is a laying position that a spina bifida client should never do?
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Should never be supine because of the sac of nerves and meninges. Should always be prone.
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If you check a dressing post V.P. shunt surgery and its wet what could that fluid be?
How to you verify? |
It could be C.S.F.
You would check using a dextrose strip because C.S.F. is high in glucose. |
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What type of material used for equipment should you try to avoid getting in contact with your spina bifida patient?
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Latex such as catheter, gloves, equipment, etc
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What are the 2 types of seizures?
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Partial which occur in only one part of the brain
Generalized which occur over the entire brain and do alter consciousness |
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How are seizures categorized?
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1) Primary are based on your genetics such as febrile and absence seizures
2) Secondary are based on a temp blockage, structure, or abnormality such as a lesion, tumor, trauma, infection, etc |
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50% of pediatric seizures are *BLANK*
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idiopathic, meaning we don't know what caused them.
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A parent brings in their kid who has a 104 degree temperature and says "He had a febrile seizure because his tempurature is so high!" What is wrong about this statement of febrile seizures?
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Febrile seizures are not caused by how high a patients temperature gets, but by how FAST the temp rises.
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What are febrile seizures caused by?
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90% of them are caused by infections
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A parent whose child had a febrile seizure asks you if they will need to be on anti-seizure medications for the rest of their life now, what would be your response?
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Only 3% of children develop more than 1 febrile seizure, so you would tell them "no, they won't need to take medications for the rest of their life."
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One of your top priorities when it comes to seizure patients is safety. What are some nursing interventions for patient safety of the seizure type?
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1. Padded guardrails
2. No sharp toys in the cribs 3. Non-slip rugs 4. Don't let them go up and down stairs by themselves |
