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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What causes extinction |
Lack of resources Environmental change Predation Competition Anagenesis |
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What is anagenesis |
non branching speciation through micro evolution |
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What is the difference between micro and macro evolution? |
micro is within a population, it is observable. Macro is the change of an entire species |
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What are the mechanisms of micro evolution? |
Mutation, migration, genetic drift, natural selection. |
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What is ecological isolation? |
Even if they live in the same place they can not mate if they do not come in contact with each other. |
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What is temporal isolation |
Even if they come in contact, they can not mate because they breed at different times |
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What is behavioral isolation |
Even if they breed at the same time they will not mate if they are not attracted to each other. |
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What are the differences between stabilizing, disruptive, and directional selection? Is it a part of micro or macro evolution? |
Micro |
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What is the mechanism for macro evolution? |
isolation, i.e. Geographic, temporal, ecological |
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linean taxa order? |
K - kingdom P - phylum C - class O - order F - family G - genus S - species |
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What evidence did Cuvier propose in the 1800? |
That extinctions happened |
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Define Lamarckian Evolution |
individual evolution through environmental stressors |
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What were darwins pillars of evolution? |
Variability Heritability Selection |
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What is variability? |
That there is a wide range of phenotypes within a species. |
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What is Heritability |
Animalspass on their traits to their offspring |
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What is selectivity? |
Notall members of a species survive to generate offspring |
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What is the evidence of evolution? |
homology EcologicalParallelism Biogeography Ontogeny and Embryology Vestigial structures Atavistic structures Transitional forms |
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What is homology? |
Homologues (Homologous characters)are the same structures found among different organisms |
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What is EcologicalParallelism |
Convergent body types in similar ecospace(environments) Remember the diagram of the marsupials and mammals. Both developed the same body types independently. |
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What is Biogeography |
geographical distribution of taxa. Think of islands and independently evolved taxa |
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What is Ontogeny and Embryology |
Ontogeny: the development of an organism
Embryology: the development of an embryo |
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What are vestical structures? |
Structures that have no apparent function and appear to be residual parts from a past ancestor |
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What are Atavistic structures |
traits of distant ancestors that reappear in the modern day. In order for the trait to be an atavism, an organism's parents can't have the trait, and neither can recent ancestors.
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What are transitional forms? |
Anagenesis - one species evolving or transitioning into another |
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What are the two species concepts? |
Morphalogical - Biological |
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What is the difference between allopatry and sympatry? |
Allopatry: speciation following physical isolation. Sympatry: speciation without physical isolation. |
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What are the three types of evolution |
Anagenesis Cladogenesis Budding |
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What is anagenesis |
evolution of a species with no branching |
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What is cladogenesis? |
Evolution of two or more species from one known or unknown parent species (branching evolutionary speciation) |
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what is budding |
Evolution of a species resulting in the parent species and a new daughter species. (persistence of parent species while speciation of daughter species.) |
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What is global standing biodiversity? |
The current amount of species alive |
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What are some biotic interactions? |
Competition ( -, -) Amensalism ( -,0) Exploitation ( +, -) Neutralism ( 0, 0) Commensalism ( +, 0) Mutualism (+,+) |
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What are some abiotic interactions? |
amount of area climate substrate resources light temperature water |
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What is abiogenesis? |
the origin of life form non living things? |
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What is the process of abiogenesis? |
Bacteria like amino acids form Proteniods form (chain of amino acids) Microspores Clay acts a a sieve and template to hold aminos. |
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What are the 5 major extinction events? |
Late Ordovician Late Devonian Late Permian Late Triassic Late Cretaceous |
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Which biotic interaction is (+,+) |
Mutalism |
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Which biotic interaction is (+,0) |
commensilism |
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Which biotic interaction is (+,-) |
Parasitic / exploitism |
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Which biotic interaction is (0,-) |
amensilism |
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Which biotic interaction is (-,-) |
competition |
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Which biotic interaction is (0,0) |
toleration |
