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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What percentage of cows exposed to breeding produce a calf? |
80% |
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What is the retail yield per cow per year in lbs? |
300 |
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How many litters per year does a sow have? How many piglets in a litter? |
1.8 liters/ year 8 piglets |
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What is the retail lean yield per sow per year? |
1285 lbs |
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What is the expected litters per year and piglets per litter? (next 5 years) |
2.2 litters/ year 9.5 piglets |
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What is the expected retail lean yield per sow per year? |
1935 lbs |
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Hogs rank where in top commodities in 12 states? |
5 |
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What percentage of the worlds pork does the US produce? |
13% |
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Where is the US ranked in the worlds pork production? Behind? |
2nd China |
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Are pork exports increasing or decreasing? |
Increasing |
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When were pigs domesticated? |
8000 BC Same as sheep and goats
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What was the most valuable pig product to colonists? |
Lard |
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Which city had the first pork harvest facility in the mid 1800s? |
Cincinatti |
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In the 1970s where was the emphasis on pig production? |
Meat leaner animals |
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Have hog numbers been increasing or decreasing? |
Increasing |
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Have number of hog operations been increasing or decreasing? |
Decreasing |
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What is the 2nd largest pig producing state? First? |
North Carolina Iowa |
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What are the 5 primary operation types in pig production? |
1. Farrow to finish 2. Feeder pigs 3. Feeder pig finishing 4. Purebred of Seedstock 5. Integrated Corporate production
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What is a feeder pig producer? |
Feeds pig until finished |
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What is a finishing operation? |
Buy young pigs and feeding them to market weight
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Where is the majority of pig producers located? |
Along the corn belt
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Iowa has what percentage of the nations hogs? |
28% |
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What is NIMBY? |
Not in my back yard Organisation that doesn't want producers near them but doesn't mind their operation |
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Where is the US's greatest foreign competition when it comes to pig exports? |
Canada Brazil as well
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Which country is number one in pig export? |
US |
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Who gave the breeding and genetics lecture? |
Scott Speidel
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What are the components of genetics? |
DNA, Genetic inheritence, GMOs, genetics courses, Mendel, sustainable food production |
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What is the definition of genetics? |
The study of genes, heredity, and variation |
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What does DNA consist of? |
Nucleic acid with polymer backbone and four nitrogenous bases
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What are the four bases that attach to DNA? |
Purines: Adenine and Guanine Pyrimadines: Thymine Cytosine
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What are chromosomes? |
Highly condensed DNA packaged around protein and contained in the nucleus |
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How many chromosome pairs do pigs have? Cattle? Humans? Horses? Chicken? |
19 30 23 32 39 |
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What are the two types of Chromosomes? |
Sex chromosomes Autosomes |
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What is a gene? |
Basic physical unit of heredity consisting of a DNA sequence at a specific location at a chromosome Consists of an extron and and intron |
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How many billion base pairs are in the cattle genome? Human? |
3 billion 3.3 |
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What percentage of the genome codes for proteins? |
1.5% |
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What percentage of genes do cattle share with humans? |
85% |
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What is epistasis? |
Interaction of genes at differing loci Labrador coat color |
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What is the equation for phenotypic performance? |
Performance= average + genetics + environment |
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What is an individuals breeding value? |
sum of average effect of an individual's alleles |
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What is the estimated breeding value? |
Estimate of an individual's genes how they influence their own performance |
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What is the expected progeny difference? |
difference between the mean of an individuals progeny and mean performance of all progeny |
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What industry generates the most cash flow? |
Broiler industry |
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What country has the most chickens? |
China |
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What country is the largest egg and broiler producer? |
U.S. |
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What country is the largest chicken meat exporter? |
Brazil |
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What country has and produces the most turkeys? |
U.S. |
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Where did the commercial chicken feed industry begin? |
Chicago |
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Where are most chicken facilities located? |
South and Southern states |
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What are the top 3 chicken states? |
Georgia Arkansas Alabama |
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Where are most of the turkey facilities located? |
East coast and CA |
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What is additive phenotypic expression? |
Two or more genes contribute to a phenotype |
