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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Aerial Parts of the Plant |
flower, leaves, stem parts of the plant that are complete exposed in air |
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Evaporation of H20 from aerial parts of the plant is called ____________ What does this word specifically mean? How does this happen? |
transpiration transports water by evaporation lower pressure potential in the leaves causes water to get sucked up to the aerial parts of the plant from the roots |
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What is the advantage of having small, needle-like leaves? |
decreases transpiration |
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What does most of the plant's growth result from? |
cell expansion where elongation occurs |
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What is cell expansion driven by? |
water potential (psi) |
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Osmolarity Which way does water move? What happens due to the movement of water? |
concentration of dissolved solutes
water wants to move from low osmolarity to high osmolarity (from dilute to more concentrated) when this happens water will make the more concentrated side more dilute, and the dilute side more concentrated. |
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Water flows from ________ water potential to _________ water potential |
high to low |
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Water Potential |
measures the potential energy in water. Effected by osmolarity and pressure determine the direction of movement of water in a plant |
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What does osmosis determine? |
determines the net water uptake and loss by a cell and is effected by osmolarity and pressure movement of water molecules across a semi-permeable membranefrom less concentrated to more concentrated side and attempts to equal both sides of the membrane |
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Solute Potential ΨS Is this value positive or negative in the plant cell? |
osmotic potential decreases with increasing solute concentration bc solutes bind to water preventing H+ bonds from doing work negative in a plant cell |
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Plants use __________ to transport water to the leaves so _________ can take place |
water potential photosynthesis |
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How does a plant take up water by its roots? |
via osmosis due to a difference in water potential |
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ΨP:Pressure potential Explain positive vs negative value |
measures the physical pressure on a solution getting squished: positive getting sucked: negative |
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Xylem Describe the path it takes and what it carries |
Xylem carries water and minerals from the roots up to the leaves. A lot of water is lost through transpiration (in aerial parts of plant) |
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Phloem Describe the path it takes and what it carries |
Phloem is bio directional and carries sugar from high sugar regions (leaves) to low sugar regions (rest of plant) |
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What leads to the creation of sugar in a plant? Where should high sugar regions be then? |
photosynthesis leaves are high sugar regions |
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Why do plants use ATP? |
to pump protons across the cell membrane. The outside of the cell will be acidic compared to the inside of the cell. Negatively charged on the inside of the cell while the outside is positively charged |
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Why do plants expend energy in the form of ATP to pump protons to outside of the cell? |
to transport sucrose or other solutes (nitrate) into the cell. Must have a proton with a sucrose molecule in order to bind to the transport protein (integral membrane protein) to bring both back into the cell |
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Transport Proteins |
regulate solute flow across the cell membrane by membrane potential or proton gradient |
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Ion Channels |
one way to regulate solute flow across the cell membrane are specified for specific ions such as potassium Potassium will flow from inside of the cell to outside of the cell through a potassium ion channel |
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What are cell walls permeable to? How do they travel through cells? |
water and solutes which will travel through plant tissues by diffusion |
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Apoplastic Transport What type of plant tissue does this? |
water can diffuse freely through cell walls of cells without crossing the plasma membrane Xylem (carries water&minerals) is transported this way |
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Plasmodesmata Define What type of transport travels by the plasmodesmata? What molecules cannot travel through plasmodesmata? |
all cytoplasm of a plant cell is connected continuously Symplastic route travels by plasmodesmata Big molecules cannot travel in this manner |
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Turgor Pressure |
pressure exerted by the plasma membrane against the cell wall, and the cell wall against the protoplast |
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Pressure Potential ΨP |
physical pressure on a solution |
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Trans-membrane Route |
water&solutes transported repeatedly across plasma membrance and cell walls |
