Exam 4

Front 1

ph 7.24 PaCo2 44, HCO3 19

Back 1

Metabolic Acidosis

Front 2

pneumothorax and pneumonia cause what type of ABB problem

Back 2

Respiratory Acidosis

Front 3

Compensation for respiratory alkalosis

Back 3

decrease H+ renal excretion (leads to ^ H+) & decrease bicarb (HCO3)

Front 4

Diarrhea causes what ABB problem

Back 4

Metabolic Acidosis

Front 5

Compensation for Metabolic Acidosis

Back 5

Hyperventilation ^HCO3 by blowing off PaCO

Front 6

s/s of metabolic acidosis

Back 6

decreased contractility

Front 7

s/s of metabolic alkalosis

Back 7

hypokalemia, tetany from low calcium.

Front 8

metabolic alkalosis compensation

Back 8

hypoventilation ^PaCO2

Front 9

s/s of acidosis

Back 9

vfib, bradycardia, vasoconstriction.

Front 10

drive to breath for COPD pt is lost if PaO2 is at what level

Back 10

>60 Pa02 or 90%Sat

Front 11

Pariatel lung constists of

Back 11

rib cage and pleural space

Front 12

what can cause a hemothorax

Back 12

chest trauma, lung tumor, PE

Front 13

blue collection bottle is for

Back 13

suction

Front 14

how much fluid is removed in thoracentesis

Back 14

1500 or <

Front 15

most common s/s of PE

Back 15

tachypnea & dyspnea

Front 16

1st s/s of hypoxemia

Back 16

anxiety

Front 17

cascade of PE dx tests

Back 17

ultrasound > D-dimer > V/Q Scan > angiogram

Front 18

dose range for heparin bolus/continous

Back 18

5000-10000/1000 - 5000u

Front 19

normal PTT

Back 19

23 - 25

Front 20

antidote for heparin

Back 20

protamine sulfate

Front 21

normal PT/INR

Back 21

11 - 15sec/2.0 - 3.0

Front 22

what areas r affected by CF

Back 22

respiratory, pancreas and sweat glands

Front 23

1st sign of Cystic Fibrosis

Back 23

chronic cough also can have stretorrhea

Front 24

s/s of Asbestosis

Back 24

DOE, non-productive cough

Front 25

complications of occupational asthma

Back 25

pulmonary edema, ARDS

Front 26

pulmonary fibrosis is a complication of

Back 26

black lung

Front 27

MAP of 5-10mmHG indicates what stage of shock

Back 27

early

Front 28

s/s of ocmpensatory shock

Back 28

mottle skin, dilated pupils, hyperglycemia

Front 29

chain of action for shock

Back 29

ABC > elevate L extremities > 2 lg bore IV's > O2

Front 30

fluids given for shock

Back 30

isotonic - LR or NS

Front 31

what type of shock is r/t fluid overload

Back 31

cardiogenic

Front 32

Most common distributive shock

Back 32

septic

Front 33

ability to respond to electrical impulses

Back 33

excitability

Front 34

BPM for AV node

Back 34

40 - 60

Front 35

QRS complex represents

Back 35

ventricle depolarization

Front 36

no discernable p waves indicates

Back 36

atrial fibrilation

Front 37

hallmark s/s of HF

Back 37

DOE

Front 38

Where is PMI displaced in HF

Back 38

to the Left & downward

Front 39

normal EF

Back 39

50 - 70

Front 40

paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea is a s/s of

Back 40

LVSV

Front 41

Causes of R heart failure

Back 41

L heart failure, COPD, ARDS

Front 42

cheynes stokes, pink sputum, S3, S4 gallop all s/s of

Back 42

LVF

Front 43

s/s of RVF

Back 43

edema, decrease urine output, tachycardia

Front 44

action of digoxin

Back 44

inotropic (reduce preload and ^ contractility

Front 45

action of ACE inhibitor

Back 45

reduce afterload

Front 46

action of beta blocker

Back 46

reduce preload

Front 47

diet for HF

Back 47

sodium 2G/day no > 400mg serving

Front 48

Heart compensation mechs

Back 48

Sympathetic NS & RAAS lead to edema, hypertrophy, death

Front 49

condition where pain is relieved by passage of stool

Back 49

IBS

Front 50

how is IBS dx

Back 50

ruling out other causes

Front 51

inflammation of sm bowel and stomach

Back 51

gastroenteritis

Front 52

what disorders lead to peritonitis

Back 52

Appendicitis, diverticulitis, cirrhosis

Front 53

s/s of appendicitis

Back 53

RLQ pain, low grade fever,

Front 54

s/s of diverticulitis

Back 54

LLQ pain, fever/chills

Front 55

primary cause of peritonitis

Back 55

infection through vascular system

Front 56

Complications of Peritonitis

Back 56

paralytic ileus, hypovolemic shock, renal failure

Front 57

cardinal sign of peritonitis

Back 57

abdominal pain (may have rigid abdomen

Front 58

disease that begins in rectum & sigmoid colon

Back 58

ulcerative colitis

Front 59

characterized by fatty stool

Back 59

crohne's disease

Front 60

fistula formation

Back 60

crohne's

Front 61

affects all layers "cobblestone"

Back 61

Crohne's

Front 62

areas affected by Crohns

Back 62

rt colon & terminal ileum

Front 63

s/s of chronic inflammatory bowel disease

Back 63

n/v, weight loss, anemia, malaise, gas, fluid/elec imbalance

Front 64

diet for chronic inflammatory bowel disease

Back 64

low residue, high protein w/ vitamins

Front 65

s/s of cirrhosis

Back 65

jaundice, gynecomastia, palmar erythema, bilirubinuria

Front 66

portal htn activates RAAS and leads to collection of fluid in peritoneal cavity

Back 66

ascites

Front 67

labs for cirrhosis

Back 67

^bilirubin, decrease albumin, PT ^, ^liver enzymes, ^ammonia

Front 68

tx for ascites

Back 68

diuresis, paracentesis, peritoneovenous shunt

Front 69

esophageal varices r/t

Back 69

dilated veins in lower esophagus that can rupture cause life threatening bleeding

Front 70

s/s of hepatic encephalopathy

Back 70

liver flap r/t buildup of ammonia can lead to coma

Front 71

tx for esophageal varices

Back 71

balloon or sclerotherapy

Front 72

antibiotics, lactulose and decreased protien diet

Back 72

tx for encephalopathy

Front 73

degeneration of dopamine producing cells

Back 73

parkinson's

Front 74

cardinal sign of parkinson's

Back 74

pill rolling, cogwheel rigidity

Front 75

long term complication of parkinson drug therapy

Back 75

dyskinesias - abnormal fidgiting, hallucinations

Front 76

decrease in GABBA & acetylcholine nt's

Back 76

Huntington's disease

Front 77

choreiform mvmts

Back 77

s/s of huntington's

Front 78

diplopia, intention tremors, + babinski's reflex, parasethia

Back 78

s/s MS

Front 79

CNS inflammation

Back 79

MS

Front 80

decrease inflammation, watch glucose, temp and GI bleed

Back 80

goals for MS

Front 81

degeneration of motor neurons and spinal cord

Back 81

ALS

Front 82

s/s of ALS

Back 82

dysphagia, dysarthria, no mental deterioration

Front 83

how is MG dx

Back 83

tensilon test

Front 84

how is GBS dx

Back 84

protein in CSF

Front 85

similiarities in MG & GBS

Back 85

autoimmune, plasmapherisis for tx, s/s dysphagia, resp. comprimise

Front 86

MG is linked to what disorder

Back 86

hyperthyroidism

Front 87

ptosis

Back 87

drooping eyelids in MG

Front 88

under medication in MG results in

Back 88

myathenic crisis

Front 89

overmedication in MG results in

Back 89

cholinergic crisis

Front 90

quadriparesis, resp. dysfunction, dysphagia, diarrhea & hypotension

Back 90

cholinergic crisis s/s

Front 91

characteristics of GBS

Back 91

acute ascending paralysis

Front 92

autonomic manifestations of neuropathy

Back 92

ortho hypotension, bowel/bladder control, abnormal sweating

Front 93

disorders of the peripheral nervous sys

Back 93

MG, GBS, neuropathy

Front 94

disorders of the spinal cord

Back 94

ALS, MS

Front 95

disorders of the CNS

Back 95

parkinson's, huntingtons