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6 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is apoptosis and what is the main difference between apoptosis and necrosis?
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Apoptosis is programmed cell death / suicide. Necrosis is the premature death of cells caused by external factors.
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How are apotic cells recycled?
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By phagocytic cells. Process allows recylcing and does not elicit an inflammatory response.
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What are the main steps of apoptosis?
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1) Cell shrinks
2) collapse of cytskeleton 3) Nucleus condenses 4) DNA fragmentation 5) membrane blebbing 6) phosphatidylserine exposure (changes cell surface) 7) Cell fragments are engulfed by phagcytic cells |
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What is the role of caspases and how do they act?
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Caspases are enzymes present in the cell in an inactive for (procaspase) and once activated, serve as the initiator for apoptosis.
They have a duel function; they: 1) activate caspase cascade (activate other caspases) 2) cleaves cytosolic protiens and nuclear lamin |
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How can apoptosis be triggered?
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Apoptosis can be triggered:
1) Outside the cell by a death receptor 2) Inside the cell by release of cytochrome C |
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Name why apoptosis is important with regard to diseases
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To little apoptosis = cancer
To much = alzheimers and Parkinsons Failure to remove apoptotic cells = autoimmune diseases, arthrosclerosis |
