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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which cortical area is in charge of deciding which coarse of action to take?
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dorsolateral prefrontal association cortex
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Which cortical area is in charge of planning and coordinating a series of movements?
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Supplementary motor area
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Which cortical area is in charge of location?
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posterior parietal association cortex
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Which cortical area is in charge of integrating touch and vision?
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premotor area
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What are the contributions made by the cerebellum?
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Involved in motor learning and attention. fine tuning of movement.
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what structures make up the basal ganglia?
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caudate nucleus, mutamen, and globus pallidus.
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What areas are damaged in huntingtons disease?
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basal ganglia
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What are betz cells?
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large pyramidal neurons in the primary motor cortex.
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Which pathway originates with betz cells?
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dorsolateral corticospinal tract
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What are bimodal neurons?
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integrate vision and somatosensory input from the same area. (vision and touch)
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What are mirror neurons?
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neurons that fire when and individual performs a particular goal directed hand movement or when he/she observes the same goal directed movement performed by another.
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What is contralateral neglect?
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a disturbance of a patients abillity to respond to stimuli on the side opposite to the side of the brain lesion.
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What area is damaged in apraxia?
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left posterior parietal lobe.
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What are the five steps in brain development?
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1. proliferation 2. migration 3. aggregation 4. axon growth 5. myelination
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How do neurons move to the brain area they will eventually become?
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CAMs- cell adhesion molecules
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How do axons locate their appropriate targets?
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growth cones seek a chemical address (like in finding nemo)
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what determines whether or not a neuron lives or dies?
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the neuron with the most stimulation (activity) survives because neurotrophins (based on pathway activity)
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where are new neurons generated?
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olfactory bulbs and hippocampuses.
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What area of the brain was removed in the case of H.M.?
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hippocampus and bilateral medial temporal lobe.
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What type of amnesia did HM have?
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Anterograde amnesia-he was could learn new things but could not remember the past.
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What brain area is responsible for the memory impairments seen in korsakoff's syndrome?
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medial dorsal nucleus of the thalmus
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what region of the brain is the rhinal cortex?
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temporal lobe
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How did HM's implicit and explicit memory?
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no new explicit memories but could learn new skills (implicit)
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What is the purpose of neurons beign regenrated in the olfactory bulbs?
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adult neural stem cells are created in the lining os ventricles and adjacent tisses, neurogenisis.
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how is it that recalling a memory may strengthen it or even change is?
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each time a memory is retrieved from long term storage it is temporarily held in labile (changeable) short term memory where it is susceptible to post traumatic amnesia before it is reconsolidated.
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In LTP what enters th cell after a blockade is removed and the neurotransmitter has entered the receptor?
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Ca+
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What is the name of the receptor involved in the induction of LTP?
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NMDA
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What has to happen to the post synaptic cell for LTP to occur?
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Must be strongly depolarized.
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What is the excitatory NT in LTP?
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Gluatmate
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What has to move before anything can go into the receptor during LTP?
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Mg ion cover
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During LTP activity at the receptor may cause what to changes that will produce a facilitation between these two cells in the future?
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1. Release nitric oxide to act as a messenger to produce more glutamate
2. More AMPA receptors |
