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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Femoroacetabular articulation:
Transmits body weight to lower extremity. Ball and socket joint held in place by surrounding musculature and four ligaments, which are... |
iliofemoral ligament
ischiofemoral ligament pubofemoral ligament capitis femoris |
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what does the blood supply of the femoral head come through?
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capitis femoris
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Extension of the hip is stabilized (limited) mostly by
... structures |
ligamentous
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Flexion limited (stablized) mostly by ... structures. ... are main structures limiting flexion. Bending knee will alleviate ... tension, thus permitting further flexion of hip.
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muscular
Hamstrings hamstring |
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Bending knee will release hamstring tension allowing greater flexion of hip
(If no improvement with hamstring release, suspect ... or ...) |
bony abnormality
infection |
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Hip:
Primary extensor is ... primary flexor is ... |
gluteus maximus
iliopsoas |
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knee:
primary extensor is ... primary flexors are ... and ... |
quadriceps
semimembranosus and semitendinosus |
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Angle of Inclination of Hip:
Angulation of femoral head relative to femoral shaft. Normal is #-#. Increased angle of inclination is .... Decreased angle of inclination is .... |
120-135
coxa valga coxa vara |
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... test (FABERE test) Flexion/Abduction/External Rotation/Extension
Bring hip through these motions in order. Monitor quality of barrier (hard vs. soft; pain at barrier vs. pain throughout ROM) “...” –pain throughout ROM, signals arthritic joint. Barrier pain without capsular pattern suggests sacroiliac ligament pathology. |
Patrick’s
Capsular pattern |
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What test is this?
To test for congenital hip dislocation or developmental dysplasia of the hip. Congenital or developmental acetabular deformity Completely reversible (if found early) Performed on newborn. |
Ortolani/Barlow tests
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Ortalani tests for unstable or ... hip. Bring legs into .../flexion (frog), and push on femoral head ...
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dysplastic
abduction anteriorly |
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Barlow tests for hip ....
Bring hips into .../flexion and push ... on femoral head. Should be stable to force on femoral head. |
dislocation
adduction posteriorly |
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straight leg raise test:
if pain is elicited by ..., indicates a nerve root irritation |
dorsiflexion
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The Thomas test checks for a tight ... muscld
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iliopsoas muscle
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The larges branches of the lumbar plexus are the ... and ... nerves which innervate the flexor muscles, extensor muscles and ABductor muscles of the thigh.
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femoral
obturator |
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... - entrapment of femoral cutaneous n at Inguinal ligament (Pouparts)
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Meralgia Paresthetica
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The ... invests the femoral nerve, artery and vein NAV(EL) orientation. NAVEL spelled pointing toward navel.
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femoral triangle
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The largest branch of the lumbosacral plexus is the ... nerve which supplies muscles of the posterior thigh and all the muscles of leg and foot.
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sciatic
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The sciatic nerve exits the pelvis via the ... above the ... muscle or it pierces through the ... muscle.
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sciatic notch
piriformis piriformis |
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Neurological examination:
-L4-Actions: Foot ... (tibialis anterior m.) -Reflex: ... reflex (muscle stretch reflex) -Sensation: ... aspect of foot |
inversion
Patellar Medial |
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Neurological examination:
L5-Actions: ... (extensor hallicus longus m.) -Reflex: ... -Sensation: ... of foot |
Great toe extension
no reflex Dorsum |
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Neurological exam:
-S1-Actions: Foot ... (peroneus longus m.) -Reflex: ... reflex -Sensation: ... aspect of foot |
eversion
Achilles tendon Lateral |
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around the knee:
Medial collateral ligament is attached to medial meniscus. Tear at medial ligament due to force from the ... side, can lead to a ruptured ... |
lateral
medial meniscus disk |
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Cruciate ligaments:
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)- attaches at anterior aspect of tibia. Stabilizes tibia from ... motion on femur. Also stabilizes internal rotation of tibia on femur. Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)-attaches at ... aspect of tibia. Stabilizes tibia from posterior motion on femur. Also stabilizes external rotation of tibia on femur. |
anterior
posterior |
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... are cartilaginous shock absorbers
Attached to tibia (not femur.) The femoral condyles glide on these. |
menisci
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Medial/Lateral Collateral Ligaments
-Stabilize knee to lateral forces. -The position of the MCL and LCL will change slightly with flexion of the knee. -The knee is relatively stable when ... -It is during ... that is most vulnerable and these ligaments may be injured. |
extended
flexion |
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Q-Angle (quadriceps angle):
The Q-angle is the angle of deviation of the line from the ... to the middle of the patella AND the line from the ... through the midpoint of the patella. The normal Q-angle is #-# degrees. |
ASIS
tibial tuberosity 10-12 |
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Genu Varus (varum) has a ... Q-angle
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decreased
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Genu valgus (valgum) has a ... Q-angle
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increased
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Knee Development
Because of rapid growth around knees, most children are ... from birth until around age 3, then become ... until age 5, then will ... by age 6-7. |
bowlegged
knock-kneed normalize |
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In the normal knee, The tibia ... rotates during extension and ... rotates during flexion.
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internally
externally |
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Anterior/Posterior stability:
Drawer test/Lachman test. Drawer test can assess ACL and PCL. (Lachman test evaluates ... and is more sensitive and specific than Drawer.) |
ACL
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