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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Weight is mostly distributed through the ..., which sits upon the ankle
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tibia
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the tibia sits on the ...
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talus
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the navicular is medial or lateral?
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medial
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the cuboid is medial or lateral?
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lateral
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the ankle joint, aka ... joint, is held together by ... and ...
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talocrural
interosseous membrane ligaments |
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the anterior compartment ... foot and toes
-Tibialis anterior -Extensor hallucis longus -Extensor digitorum longus |
Dorsiflex
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the lateral compartment (peroneal muscles) ... the foot
-Peroneus longus m |
Evert
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the posterior compartment (gastrocnemius, soleus) ... the ankle and toes
Large Achilles tendon attaches to calcaneus Gastrox. crosses ankle AND knee joint |
Plantar flex
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what is this?
Increased pressure within a limited space Rapid rise of pressure leading to compression of vessels and nerves 5 Ps: pain, paraesthesia, pallor, poikilothermia (cold), pulselessness True orthopaedic emergency!!! Must do emergent fasciotomy to release pressure ASAP |
compartment syndrome
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motions of the foot are usually ... and not ... movements
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mixed
isolated |
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...+...+... = supination
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inversion
plantar flexion adduction |
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...+...+... = pronation
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eversion
dorsiflexion abduction |
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sciatic nerve: ...-...
sympathetics from ...-... -vascular tone -piloerection |
L4-S1
L1-L2 |
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tibial nerve goes to the ... compartment
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posterior
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superficial peroneal nerve goes to the ... compartment
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anterior
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deep peroneal nerve goes to the ... compartment
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lateral
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broken ... causes damage to peroneal nerve
proximity to ... |
fibula
fibular head |
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Syndesmosis at ankle connects tibia and fibula
*remember syndesmosis has (more or less?) motion than synovial joint |
less
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fibula moves with tibia at ...
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ankle
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75% injury to ankle results in ...
80% ... sprain 40% develop chronic problems ... is directly related to decreased ROM and healing |
sprain
inversion Edema |
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much greater stability in ankle ... than ...
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medially
laterally |
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Ankle sprain pattern:
-Inversion of foot -External rotation of tibia with ... glide of tibia on talus -... fibular head -Internal rotation of femur -Posteriorly rotated inominate |
anterior
Posterior |
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with pronation (pes planus or low arch), navicular ... rotates and toes ...
-impt to look at achilles tendon |
internally
evert |
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with supination (pes cavus), ... rotated tibia, navicular ... rotates and toes ...
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externally
externally invert |
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what are the 4 arches of the foot?
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Lateral Longitudinal Arch (outer arch)
Medial Longitudinal Arch (inner arch) Anterior Metatarsal Arch Transverse arch |
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... allow shock absorption and stabilization during gait
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Arches
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foot ... at heel strike
foot ... during toe off |
supinates
pronates |
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Decreased medial arch
Tibia has ... rotated When you ... rotate tibia, you lift the arch, and vice versa |
internally
externally |
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what is this?
Largest and strongest tendon in body Inflammation due to excessive tension: repetitive stress, overuse, inappropriate foot mechanics |
achilles tendonitis
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what is this?
“Neuroma” -nerve tumor Usually develops on digital nerve at 3rd toe |
morton's neuroma
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what is this?
Pain at metatarsal heads flattening of metatarsal arch High risk for forefoot injury in high-impact sports (running/ jumping) Pain aggravated during midstance/ propulsion phases of gait |
metatarsalgia
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what is this?
Degeneration of plantar fascia Pain at inferior heel worse after rest or activity Stretching of fascia with pes planus; tightened with pes cavus |
plantar fasciitis
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what is this?
Enlargement of medial first metatarsal head Inflammation of bursa Displacement of muscles; malalignment of metatarsal arch |
hallux valgus
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