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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Personality Psychology
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Study of an individuals characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling, and acting.
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Sigmund Freud
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Specialixed in nervous disorders; discovered the "Unconscious"; Came up with the Psychoanalytic theory which proposed that childhood sexuality and unconscious motivations influence personality.
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Humanistic Approach
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focused on inner capacities for growth and self fullfillment.
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free association
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In psychoanalysis, a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind, no matter how trivial or embarrassing.
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Psychoanalysis
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Frued's theory of personality that attrivutes our thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; means that something from a childhood or past memory may be causing the disorder; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions.
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Unconscious
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contains thoughts (mostly unacceptable) wishes, feelings, and memories of which we arent aware. Although we arent aware of them they influence us.
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Preconscious
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Area of the memory that we can retrieve memories and such from the unconscious to the conscious.
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Repress
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To Forcibly block from our conscious, maybe because they are too unsettling to acknowledge.
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Freudian Slip
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Slip of the tongue
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Manifest content
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remembered part of dreams
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latent content
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unconscious wishes of the dream
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In freuds view personality derives from what?
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conflicts bw our aggressive, pleasure-seeking biological impulses and the social restraints against them.
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The 3 interacting systems of coflict
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Id, Ego, Superego
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Id
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"Irrational and Illogical" contains unconscious psychic energy that strives to satisfy vasic sexual and aggressive drives. Operates on the "Pleasure Principle" demanding immediate gratification. Ex. "Id Dominated" people often use tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs.
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Ego
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"The Mediator"
Operates on the "reality principle" which seeks to gratify the id's impulses in realistic ways. Contains partly conscious perceptions, thoughts, judgments, and memories. |
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Psychosexual stages
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The childhood stages of development (Oral, anal, phallic, altency, genital) during which the id's pleasure-seeking energies focus on distinct erogenous zones.
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Oral
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(0-18 months) Pleasure centers on mouth
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Anal
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(18-36 months) pleasure focuses on bowel and bladder elimination; coping with demands for control
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Phallic
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(3-6 years) Pleasure zone is the genitals; coping with the Oedipus complex. (or the Electra Complex - Females)
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Latency
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(6 to Puberty) Domant Sexual feelings
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Identification Process
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process by which children incorporate their parents' values into their developing superegos
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fixate
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lingering focus of pleasure-seeking energies at an earlier psychosexual stage where conflicts were unresolved.
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Maladaptive bx results from
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fixation (in freud's point of view)
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Defense mechanisms
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(Psychoanalytic) the ego's protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality. reduces or redirects energy in various ways.
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Repression
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banishes anxiety-arousing feelings and thoughts from conscious. Underlies all other defense mechanisms. It's incomplete and seeps out through dreams and freudian slips.
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Regression
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allows us to retreat to an earlier, more infantile stage. thumb sucking. longing for home while at college.
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Reaction Formation
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the ego unconsciously makes unacceptable impulses look like their opposites. "I hate him" becomes "I love him".
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Projection
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disguises threatening impulses by attributing them to others. "He doesn't trust me" = "I dont trust him"
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rationalization
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unconsciously generate self-justifying explanations to hide fron ourselves the real reasons for our actions.
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Displacement
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Diverts sexual or aggressive impulses toward an object or person that is psychologically more acceptable than the one that aroused the feelings.
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