Exam 3

Front 1

• Romulus & Remus-

Back 1

Mythological founders of Rome, raised by wolves. April 21st 739 BCE

Front 2

• Palatine Hill

Back 2

Where Romulus and Remus were found by the she wolf.

Front 3

• Capitoline Hill

Back 3

A settling area built on high ground

Front 4

• Tiber River

Back 4

Longest River in Italy, and man water course for Rome

Front 5

• Sabines

Back 5

italic Tribe that divided into two after founding of Rome

Front 6

• Latins

Back 6

Italic Tribe lived in central and south central Italy. Conquest over Rome

Front 7

• Etruscans

Back 7

Introduced governmental policies, priests, import: Tin, Unia, Minerva, First to see Rome as an concise Roman entity

Front 8

• Pyrgi tablets

Back 8

3 Gold tablets with a Dedication made around 500 BC by Thefarie Velianas, king of Caere, to Phoneican goddest Ashtaret, 2 written in Etruscan and one in Phenician

Front 9

• Villanovans-

Back 9

Earliest Iron age culture of Northan Italy, influenced greek traders,introduced Iron work to Italian peninsula.

Front 10

• League of Twelve Cities

Back 10

Etruscan cities founded by Tarachna and Tyrrhenus(Arretium, Casra, Clevsin, Curtun, Perusna, Pupluna, Veii, Tarchna, Vethuna, Felatathri, Velzna, Velch

Front 11

• Lucomo

Back 11

Lucius Junius Brutus original name

Front 12

• Necropolis

Back 12

A large cemetery or burial ground with large tombs

Front 13

• Cerveteri

Back 13

a large number of Etruscan Necropolises reside here

Front 14

tarquinia

Back 14

The chief of the twelve cities of Etruria

Front 15

• Capitoline Triad

Back 15

group of dieties(Jupitar, Juno, Minerva)

Front 16

• Lucius Tarquinius Superbus

Back 16

Last Roman King, Was a tyrant, had vile sons as well, led to establishment of roman Republic, (name means proud),

Front 17

• Lucius Junius Brutus

Back 17

-Founder of the Roman republic, was one of the first conculs, led revolt and over threw king Lucius Superbus, grandson of Romes fifth king

Front 18

• cursus honorum

Back 18

The order of public offices held by aspiring polititons.No consecutive terms

Front 19

o Praetor

Back 19

governor of Anciant Rome,Imperium(power to command, binding declaration)Atleast 39 and power over courts and to arrest

Front 20

o Imperium-

Back 20

Power to command, binding declaration

Front 21

o Assemblies-

Back 21

Assembly of Centureves-military districts) voted on bills, elected council and praetor

Front 22

o Senate

Back 22

300 memebers, oligarcal, offe radvice to magistrates, consuls naever take acton without taklking to senate, have no power really

Front 23

o Auctoritas

Back 23

authority, not binding

Front 24

• Struggle of the Orders

Back 24

ancient civil rights struggle, governmental participation determinded by status, starts withen decade and ahalf of the Republic starting, between plebeians and patricians, from 494-287Develpoing the constitution of the Roman republic. Created the Plebian Tribune.

Front 25

o Patricians

Back 25

arstocrats

Front 26

Plebians

Back 26

commoners, could only participate in the assembly

Front 27

Plebeian Tribunes

Back 27

10 that sit in on senate meetigs, protect the rights of fellow plebians, special status as an acrosancrat, Protected by Gods of Roman State, anyone who kills one is to die.

Front 28

• Twelve Tables

Back 28

First written collection of Roman laws 45 BCE

Front 29

LEx Hortensia

Back 29

Law were all resolutions passed by plebeians binded all citizens

Front 30

Mas Maiorum

Back 30

way of elders, were they got social norms

Front 31

lares

Back 31

gardian deities

Front 32

Penates

Back 32

Household dietes

Front 33

PAterfamilias

Back 33

family father, senior male of household, formal authority

Front 34

Patria potestas

Back 34

paternal power, power of life or death

Front 35

materfamilias

Back 35

family mother, senior female of family

Front 36

Clientela

Back 36

the relationship between patron and client

Front 37

Patronus

Back 37

Patron, used for money and status

Front 38

Clientes

Back 38

Clients that depend on help of patron, offerd the patron moral support

Front 39

Virtus

Back 39

Virtue, valor, manliness, excellence, courage, character, worth

Front 40

Legion

Back 40

4000-6000 men, centerpart of a phlanx

Front 41

Centurions

Back 41

- commanders of a century, typically veterans

Front 42

Pyrrhus of Epirus

Back 42

Fights against ROmans, generall and statesmen of hellenitic er. Even though he lost most battles he won the wr becasue of the number of caualties he caused.

Front 43

Battle of Heraclea

Back 43

Lost but took 4000 men

Front 44

Battle of Asculum

Back 44

3000 men and Phyrrhus wants to become leader of Sicily

Front 45

Battle of Beneventum

Back 45

12 elephants and 2000 men Phyrrus left becasue he did not have enough to continue fighting, Romans fight for glory not honor

Front 46

Socii

Back 46

city states of the italian Penensula in permenant alliance with ROme, awareded with ROman citizenship

Front 47

Pacta

Back 47

treatie, establshed states

Front 48

Coloniae

Back 48

Roman outpost establishes in conqueres territory to secure it

Front 49

Carthage

Back 49

Phenecian Colony (Tyre) 800 patrician trade post

Front 50

First Punic war

Back 50

Sicily Romans win Sicily and Sarinaia

Front 51

Second Punic War

Back 51

Win Sanguntum

Front 52

Hannibal

Back 52

Marched his army through the alps and gives them defeat, loses all but two elephants

Front 53

Battle of Cannae

Back 53

50000-70000 people, romand rebuild army using allies

Front 54

Publius Scipio Africanus

Back 54

attacked cartage while Italy, went route hannable took and destroyed them, "Victory of Africa"

Front 55

BAttle of Zama

Back 55

Ascorpio destroyed hannabal, Carthaginians could not rebuild, lack of allies

Front 56

Third Punic War

Back 56

Rome began to go to Lyberia, ends with destruction and expansion into North America

Front 57

Philip V of Macedon

Back 57

Had allance with Hannabal, Macedonian King, Romand did not like him

Front 58

Battle of Cynoscephalae-

Back 58

Roman smashes Phillps armies

Front 59

Antiochus III

Back 59

"The great" wanted to aquire land from Phillp, romans beat him, wged war and was defeated by Romans

Front 60

Battle of Magnesia

Back 60

Romans defeated Army

Front 61

Provinces

Back 61

terretories outside italy, subject to the authority of the govenor

Front 62

Hellenization

Back 62

the spred of anient greek culture, literature, language, everyone becomes bilingual

Front 63

Livius Andronicus

Back 63

Oldest form of latin literature form this guy

Front 64

Plautus

Back 64

Wrote history of Rome in Greek

Front 65

Terence

Back 65

Roman playwright in Greek, inspired by greek plays

Front 66

Cato the Elder

Back 66

He belieed that the Greek was doing away with the old ways, thought it soften the Romans

Front 67

Slavery

Back 67

Macedonia and Greece, and became important part of Roman Economy

Front 68

Novi Homines

Back 68

first man in roman family to serve in government

Front 69

Equites

Back 69

Knights, middleclass, equestrians

Front 70

Latifundia

Back 70

plantations

Front 71

Optimates

Back 71

make it harder forpeople to advance in the governmental system, traditionalists, wanted to limit power

Front 72

Populares

Back 72

aristocratic leaders in Roman republic, beleaed people were being excluded from government and that neeed to change

Front 73

Roman revolution

Back 73

A eried of power struggles because of citizens of the government

Front 74

Tiberius Gracchus

Back 74

Came from a wealthy and political family, elite, popluarus, tribune, wanted to change latifunda, drew up land reform bills and went behind senates back to have them publuished, lynched for it.

Front 75

Gaius Gracchus

Back 75

Wanted to avenge his brother, started where he left off, committed suicide before senate could get to him

Front 76

Gaius Marius

Back 76

was the first man elected in his family as an official, associated with commands in North Africa and Northern Italy against Mese invasion

Front 77

Client- armies

Back 77

armies consumed with those who lost their land and were promised to be paid back

Front 78

Lucius Cornelius Sulla

Back 78

General, optimites turn to him as influence against Marius, need to obtain more stories before campagning. campagned against Mitradates VI of Pontus, client armies, rome tried to stop but he came back and captured Rome, then went and attacked won, then came back to ROme as a dictator.

Front 79

dictator

Back 79

leader after time of need who gets things back on track, supposed to step down after needed.

Front 80

Marcus Licnius Crassus

Back 80

richest man in Rmen, shows senates benefits, they deny it, wants to give soldiers land

Front 81

Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus

Back 81

Military and political leader, genera, council without meeting not many requirments, 3 terms.

Front 82

Pompey

Back 82

veterans in spain

Front 83

Gaius Julius Caesar

Back 83

General. wanted to become consul but Senate wouldnt allow him, went off and became governor of Cisulpine Gual

Front 84

First Triumvirate

Back 84

Alliance of Ceaser, pompey, Craccus

Front 85

Battle of Pharsalus

Back 85

Ceaser civil war, ceaser won

Front 86

Dictator Perpetuus

Back 86

more like a monarchy

Front 87

Gaius Cassius Longinus

Back 87

instagator of the plot to kill ceaser and brother in law of Brutus

Front 88

Marcus Junius Brutus

Back 88

Poliition, one of the conspiritors of ceasers death

Front 89

Ides of March

Back 89

15th of March, many warning signs occurred for ceser that day

Front 90

Gaius Octavius (Octavian)

Back 90

grand nephew of ceaser, first Emperor of Rome

Front 91

Princeps

Back 91

first in time of order, the first man

Front 92

Imperator

Back 92

Commander under Roman republic, Emperor

Front 93

Augustus

Back 93

Founder of the Roman empire, its first emperor