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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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◾◾What things are recorded in the occurrence book? |
A legal document that is a record of: 1. duty personnel 2. appliance movements 3. station visitors 4. Jobs
Red = FIRE CALLS ONLY
No white out. No pencil. No scribbles. Can be used in court of law.
* if a mistake is made simple strike once through and write correction next to it with your initals* |
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◾Define a command as per SOP 12? |
The physical presence of an organisation and the delegation of authority within the organisation
Command operates vertically within an organisation |
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◾◾Who is the incident controller? |
The first arriving Officer In Charge (OIC) |
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◾◾What is the SPAR decision making model? |
Guidelines for personnel to make appropriate, effective and timely decisions.
S. situation (analyse, use previous experience)
P. plan (set strategy, conduct risk assessments, develop Incident Action Plan
A. Act. (implement plan, direct crews. Monitor safety and capability of crews)
R. Review (monitor incident, evaluate and undertake post-incident review to learn and improve) |
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◾◾What 3 things does the incident action plan comprise? |
1. Strategy 2. Objective 3. Tactics |
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◾◾What 2 strategies are used when firefighting? |
Offensive Defensive |
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◾◾What are the control zones? |
HOT WARM COLD Hot zone - immediately surrounding the incident. - Entry and accountability in zone is monitored. (Under no circumstance should firefighters enter a hot zone whist wearing an helmet accountability tag) - PPE. - Possible lost, trapped, or injured by the environment, structure or nature of activity being undertaken. - delineated with hazard tape
Warm zone - restricted access or entry - no likelihood of becoming lost, trapped or injured by the environment, structure or nature of activity being undertaken. - active workplace used for rest and recovery of firefighters
Cold zone - no one is at risk from the incident |
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What is the overarching objective of an incident action plan? |
MFS Mission: Protect life, property, environment and the economy. |
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◾◾What are the 3 systems of accountability? |
1. Nominal roll tallies 2. Helmet accountability tags 3. BA set tallies |
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◾What is the purpose of the personal accountability report? |
Provides the incident controller and sectional commanders with an updated account of all personnel.
Each individual must be reporting to someone, and all crews must be able to provide PAR when requested (radio or face-to-face) |
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◾What is the purpose of a rapid intervention team (RIT) |
A team designated to stand-by in a state of readiness to perform a rescue of firefighters when personnel are required to work under hazardous conditions.
Team will not be deployed for firefighting operations |
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Where are the 2 places a firefighter must place their helmet tags? |
Nominal roll tally Front of the incident management kit *when reporting to a different supervision, their accountability must be transferred by hand over of respective helmet accountability tags.* |
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What are the 3 levels of accountability? |
Strategic Tactical Task |
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What is the MFS risk management philosophy? |
1. We may extend considered and vigilant risk to firefighters' lives to protect and rescue saveable life. 2. We may extend very limited risk to firefighters' lives to save property. 3. We will not risk firefighters' lives for life or property that cannot be saved. |
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What are the responsibilities of the incident controller? |
1. Assume, confirm and position command 2. Size up/situation evaluation 3. Communications 4. Resource deployment 5. Strategy and IAP development 6. Organisation 7. Review, evaluate and revise 8. Transfer/continue/terminate command |
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What number SOP relates to command and control |
Standard operating procedure 12 |
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What is the legislation we abide by? |
Fire and emergency services act 2005 |
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What does the legislation say in regards to the first arriving officer? |
The act enables the First Arrival Officer (FAO) to enter and inspect any land, building, structure, vehicle or any other place for the purpose of determining the cause of the fire. It also allows the FAO to take possession of any land, building, structure or vehicle for the purpose of any investigation or inquiry into the cause of the fire. The FAO may also remove any object or material that may tend to establish the cause if the fire and/or retain possession of any object or material for the purpose of any investigation or inquiry into the cause of the fire. |
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What are the defining points for the attendance of a fire investigator at a scene? |
1. If there has been serious injury or a fatality 2. If the damage at the incident exceeds $40,000 |
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◾◾What are the 6 steps to preserving a fire scene? |
1. Do not disturb any more than necessary 2. Get the tape up and police it 3. Do not turn over 4. Do not overhaul 5. Do not salvage 6. Do not ADMIT (allow owners or any bystanders in) |
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What are the 3 categories of fire investigation? |
Category 1. Primary investigation conducted by the first arrival officer at all accidental building fires where the MFS and SAPOL fire investigation teams are not attending Category 2. If it seems suspicious at primary investigation a category 2 is conducted. After the FAO investigation, they have a consultation with SAPOL and then another secondary investigation. Category 3. A joint investigation by the MFS and SAPOL fire investigation team. Skills and expertise necessary to determine the cause of origin of fires where serious injury, fatality and $40,000 extent of damage |
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Who is denied entry at a fire scene? |
Owner/occupier Media Onlookers Anyone who is not uniformed emergency services |
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What are some examples of ignition sources |
Heating equipment Cooking equipment Smoking and related fires Rubbish burning out of control Energised electrical equipment Flammable liquids Flames/sparks Spontaneous heating Gas Explosives/fireworks Combustible dust Lightning, sun etc |
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What are some safety precautions required when investigating fire scenes? |
Power and gas are isolated Be aware of toxic or corrosive chemicals Precautions against asbestos Full PPE Caution of structural collapse / floor penetration Smoke / embers Drugs paraphernalia / sharps Booby traps Trip hazards and overhead obstructions |
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◾◾What must you do if there is a body found in a fire scene? |
Using a light gentle fog pattern
Secure area immediately with tape and monitor. Do not cover body with salvage sheet
If the victim is obviously dead and there is no danger of further damage to the body by the fire or falling debris, the body should be left and not disturbed. Leave in situ
If there is any doubt over life, pull the body out (duty of care)
Crews are to remain at the scene until released by the FI Officer |
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What is an arson? |
Arson is defined as the 'malicious or fraudulent burning of property. |
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What are the 3 majors steps in combating arson? |
Detection by MFS Investigation by SAPOL (& MFS) Prosecution by SAPOL |
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What some indicators of incendiaries (arsons) |
- multiple fires - trailers (evidence of an accelerator I.e. trail of petrol) - presence of accelerator (I.e. petrol can) - Structual damage prior to fire - removal of contents / absence of personal items (I.e family photos) - previous history - absence of accidental causes - un-natural fire spread - fire service entry hindered - demeanour of owner/occupier - commercial fires after hours - owners on holidays Etc. |
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How do you deal with suspicious circumstances? |
1. Be discreet 2. Don't touch anything 3. Notify a station officer |
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◾◾Phonetic alphabet |
A. Alfa B. Bravo C. Charlie D. Delta E. Echo F. Foxtrot G. Golf H. Hotel I. India J. Juliette K. Kilo L. Lima M. Mike N. November O. Oscar P. Papa Q. Quebec R. Romeo S. Sierra T. Tango U. Uniform V. Victor W. Whisky X. X-ray Y. Yankee Z. Zulu |
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◾◾What are the appliance status messages? (0-9) |
0 - unavailable (offline) 1 - mobile to incident (driving z incident #) 2 - arrived at incident (incident #) 3 - available in (# station area) 4 - mobile in own station area 5 - at home station 6 - mobile in another station area 7 - at another station (change of quarters) 8 - delayed response (1-3mins / state estimated time) 9 - available by/delayed response (>3mins) (state comms method) |
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What does the pro word 'wilco' mean? |
Transmission understood and will be complied with |
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◾What is simplex and trunked communications? |
Simplex: TACTICAL FIRE GROUND USE Short range/local, line of sight, radio->radio
Trunked: COMMAND level Communication between officers, IC and comms. Long range, repeater tower, recorded |
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What are the 3 main parts of the MFS appliance radio network? |
1. Appliance radio 2. Mobile computer terminal (MCT) 3. Portable radios |
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◾◾What is included in CAN messages? |
Conditions: fire and smoke conditions within a structure
Actions: what crew is doing - I.e. fire attack, search, ventilation etc
Needs: what resources are needed |
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◾◾When is MAYDAY called? |
Used by firefighters to report their status as being lost, trapped, or injured and needing urgent assistance.
- names - location - situation - nature of entrapment/injuries - remaining air in BA |
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◾◾What's the difference between an abandon and evacuate call. |
Abandon: abandon position and equipment. Immediately remove firefighters working internally within the structure whenever conditions threaten their safety. *When radios are failing the appliance siren will YELP*
Evacuate: remove firefighters AND their equipment from within a structure that without delay when threatened life safety |
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◾What is the alpha side of the building? |
Side facing the street or if on a corner, the side where the appliance is positioned.
Respectively moves clockwise. |
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What are red flag warnings? |
PRIORITY MESSAGES (tactical use)
1. Potential Structual collapse 2. Electrical hazards 3. Change in fire conditions |
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What warrants priority voice requests? |
Is used when an urgent request from comcen is required. Request is given priority over basic voice voice requests. |
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◾◾What is asbestos? |
Asbestos is a generic name that is given to a group of 6 fibrous silicate materials that naturally occur in the environment |
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What are the diseases caused by asbestos exposure? |
1. Asbestosis 2. Mesothelioma 3. Asbestos warts 4. Pleural plaques 5. Diffuse pleural thickening |
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◾◾Where might you find asbestos in a house? |
Any house built prior to 1990 May contain asbestos in:
- wet areas wall and ceiling lining and underfloor tiles (bathroom, toilet laundry) - sheeting under floor tiles - vinyl floor tiles - cement sheeting
- corrugated wall ans roof sheeting - eaves - lining above windows and doors
- insulation in heaters and stoves - wood heater (rope on door, and sheeting under brickhearth base)
- hot water piping
- backyard sheds, garages, carports and dog kennels |
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What must you do if you suspect you have come into contact with asbestos? (Decontamination) |
1. Wet down PPE with fog pattern *assistant MUST be wearing resp protection* 2. Decontaminate boots with H2O - attention to soles 3. Decontaminate helmets with H20 - remove neck flaps: in with jacket and pants 4. Double bag PPE with yellow hazmat exposure sticker for dry cleaning 5. Double bag SCBA and return BA technicians |
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◾◾How do you deal with asbestos in a fire? |
Minimal disturbance (don't make dust by breaking or cutting materials)
Wet down - keep everything damp
Inform OIC even if just a suspicion
PPE respiratory mask (SCBA or P2)
Decontaminate follow procedure |
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◾◾To what level is asbestos safe? |
THERE IS NO SAFE LEVEL OF EXPOSURE TO ASBESTOS
as long as the asbestos is in a stable condition and is not disturbed or damaged, there is no risk |
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◾◾What is BLEVE? |
Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion |
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Where might you find asbestos in a car? |
Hood liners Thread seal tape Valve rings Gaskets Brake pads |
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◾◾What is flashpoint? |
The lowest temperature at which a volatile liquid can vaporise to form an ignitable mixture in air. In general, the lower the flash point, the greater the hazard |
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What are the 3 categories of flammable gasses? |
1. Liquefied gasses 2. Non-Liquefied gasses 3. Dissolved gasses |
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How do you tackle a burning cylinder? |
Cool the cylinder Do not extinguish the flame from the operating relief valve Stand at 45 degrees to the cylinder |
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Why is acetylene particularly special? |
Acetylene presents a special problem as it is capable if reheating itself after being cooled due to decomposition of the gas |
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◾◾what must you do if you encounter an acetylene cylinder on fire? |
1. Move away from the area
2. Do not move the cylinder (this accelerates the decomposition of gas)
3. Inform IC and personnel in area; area will need to be evacuated (200m exclusion zone)
4. If a cylinder is venting, it will increase the rate if decomposition
5. Set up cooling lines if quick to do so |
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What causes BLEVE? |
When the content of a bullet is heated it expands When the pressure inside a cylinder exceeds it's structual integrity BLEVE occurs |
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How do you tackle a gas leak? |
Uphill and upwind Vapour clouds should be dispersed with water sprays Use fixed sprays if possible |
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What are the hazards associated with flammable gasses? |
Flammability Toxicity: carcinogenic Asphyxiation Frostbite |
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What is the 6 step cylinder assessment procedure? |
1. Apply water for 1 hour 2. Stop water after the hour is completed 3. Observe for any violent streaming or rapid drying of the surface 4. Monitor cylinder with thermal imaging camera 5. Leave cooling water off for 15 mins 6. Wet cylinder and return to step 3 Conduct 4 cycles of steps 3-6 for 1 hour. If there is no elevated temps or steaming it is no longer a risk |
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What are acetylene properties? |
Highly flammable Lighter then air Decomposes in oxygen Smells like garlic |
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What is an A class gas incident? |
Fixed installation Large transport bullet |
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What is a C class gas incident? |
In situ containers Motor vehicle LPG systems |
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What is important things to consider when transmitting radio messages? |
Think before you activate Wait for network tones Speak clearly and articulately Don't over emphasise syllables Speak at dictation speed Use phrases with distinct pauses Do not release PTT button while talking Acknowledge transmissions directed to you and respond accordingly |
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How should sensitive messages (death, injury, political, criminal) be communicated? |
Secure mediums: Face-to-face MCT Mobile phone Fixed phone |
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◾◾What is the occurance book procedure when you come on duty at an outstation? |
1.Book yourself on duty 2.Book the person you are relieving off duty 3.enter the time you came on duty |
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◾◾What are 3 ways to ID a vehicle fitted with LPG? |
1. Green Badge 2. Duel refuel points 3. Red diamond on number plate 4. Visually see tank |
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◾◾What does a continuous YELP sound indicate? |
Comms have failed. Abandon message is issued. |
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◾◾ What are the 3 ways the MFS may be notified of an incident? |
1. Automatic fire alarm 2. Phone call from the public 3. Notification from anpther service (SAPOL, SAAS etc) |
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What is a PAR message? |
A message used by the OIC to ensure all personnel are safe, together and O.K |
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What is SOP 17 |
Fire and investigation |
