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35 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
sterno-
narrow ridge
obligate
necessary
philo, philic
lover, loving
extreme
very high or low
eury-
wide range
facultative
not necessary
phobe, phobic
fearer, fearing
hyper-
also extreme
psychro-
cold
meso-
middle
thermo-
hot
acido-
low pH
alkai, baso
high pH
halo-
salt
essential nutrients
nutrients that must be provided in form of elements or molecules
macronutrients
required in large quantities; play principle roles in cell structure & metabolism
micronutrients/ trace elements
required in small amounts; involved in enzyme function & maintenance of protein structure
heterotroph
an organism that must obtain carbon in ORGANIC form made by other living organisms such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids
autotroph
an organism that uses CO2, an INORGANIC gas as its carbon source, not energy
phototroph
uses sunlight as energy source
chemotroph
uses chemicals as energy source
Ex. of essential nutrients
oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, trace elements
saprobes
decompose dead organisms, recycle elements, release enzymes to digest materials
parasites
utilize tissue and fluids of a living host and cause harm
-duric
tolerant
capnophile
grows best at high CO2 tensions than normally present in the atmosphere
barophiles
deep sea microbes that livee under pressure many times higher than atmospheric pressure
symbiotic
a relationship is necessary
nonsymbiotic
free living organisms
synergism
members cooperate and share nutrients
anatagonism
some members are inhibited or destroyed by others
continuous culture
the organism are supplied with fresh nutrients and flushing off toxic products
direct count
under the microscope with a special slide or automated count with a Coulter counter or fow cytometer; flow cytometry can distinguish cell size and dead or living cells
CFU (colony forming unit)
colony coming from one cell
cell mass
measurement of the tubidity (mass of culture) of a culture with a spectrophotometer