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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What nerve and divisions provides somatic sensory innervation of the face, eyes, and glands?
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Trigeminal Nerve (CN 5)
Divisions V1, V2, and V3 -Ophtalmic (V1) -Maxillary (V2) -Mandibular (V3) |
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What 2 nerves poke out the forehead from the opthalmic division V1 of trigeminal nerve?
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Supraorbital and Supratrochlear nerves (provide sensory innervation to the forehead
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Which nerve pokes out the face from the maxillary division and innervates sensory information from the maxilla?
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Infraorbital nerve
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Which 3 nerves pokes out face providing sensory innervation?
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Mental, Buccal, and Auriculotemporal nerves
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List the 6 nerves related to sensory that come out of foramen in the face and branch from the trigeminal nerve
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Mental, buccal, auriculotemporal, infraorbital, supraorbital, supratrochlear, and supraorbital nerves
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Sensory innervation to the back of head and neck are provided by which collection of nerves?
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Cervical spinal nerves
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Which part of CNS describes voluntary muscle function?
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Somatic motor
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Between which bones is the stylomastoid foramen?
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Styloid process and mastoid process
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The parotid gland requires what kind of innervation?
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Parasympathetic innervation
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What are the branches of the facial nerve?
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Temporal, Zygomatic, Buccal, Mandibular, Cervical, Posterior auricular
To zanzibar by motor car please |
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What are the muscles of facial expression (10 muscles)?
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Frontalis
Orbicular Oris Orbicular Oculi Depressory anguli oris Platysma Levator labii superioris Zygomaticus major Levator anguli oris Depressor labii inferioris Mentalis "FOOD PLZ LDM" Looks like "FOOD PLZ LUDMILLA" |
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What part of CNS causes autonomic or involuntary functions of muscles?
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Visceral motor
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What part of CNS innervates a gland of the face producing drool?
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Parasympathetic
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Which two muscles become stronger with age, thus preventing us from drooling as adults?
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Orbicularis oris and Buccinator muscles
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The parotid gland pierces which muscle and crosses over which muscle?
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Pierces buccal muscle and crosses over the masseter muscle
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Which nerve provides parasympathetic innervation to the parotid gland via the otic ganglion?
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Glossopharyngeal (CN 9) nerve.
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The glossopharyngeal nerve receives general sensory innervation from what structures?
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Tonsils
Pharync Middle ear Posterior 1/3 of tongue |
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The glossopharyngeal nerve receives special sensory innervation from what part of tongue?
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Posterior 1/3 of tongue
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The glossopharyngeal nerve receives visceral sensory innervation from what structures?
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Carotid bodies and carotid sinus
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The glossopharyngeal nerve provides motor innervation to what muscle?
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Stylopharyngeus muscle
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What mnemonic helps me remember the somatic sensory nerves of face and scalp?
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"Super Sensation Is My Awesome Baby"
Supratrochlear (V1) Supraorbital (V1) Infraorbital (V2) Mental (V3) Auriculotemporal (V3) Buccal (V3) |
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Which part of the CNS provides innervation to smooth muscle of the eyelid and iris?
-Sympathetic or Parasympathetic? |
Sympathetics
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What are the two parts that synapse in a ganglion?
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Presynaptic and postsynaptic fibers
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Presynaptic ganglionic fibers from T1-L2 go to where?
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Ascends to the superior cervical ganglion where they synapse
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Postsynaptic ganglionic fibers travel with what and go where?
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travel with the carotid arteries to reach their targets (skin, blood vessels, eye)
External follows external carotid artery Internal (eyes) follows internal cartoid artery |
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What are the three superficial arteries of the face that branch of the external carotid artery?
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Facial artery
Transverse facial artery Superficial Temporal artery |
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What are the two superficial arteries of the face that follow the branches of the trigeminal nerve and reach the outside of the face?
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Supratrochlear artery
Supraorbital artery |
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The scalp sits on what boney architecture?
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Pericranium
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The pericranium covers what connective tissue?
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Outer lamina
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The outer lamina and inner lamina protect what structure of the cranium?
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Diploe (spongy boney structure of flat bones)
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The periosteum is used interchangeably with what term and covers what structures?
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Periosteum
Covers sutures, foramina, and canals. Internally covers the endocranium |
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Calvaria is a bone cap of skull that makes up what four bones?
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Parietals (2)
Frontal Occipital |
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The falx cerebri divides what parts of the brain?
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the cerebral hemispheres
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The tentorium cerebelli divides what parts of the brain?
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The cerebrum and cerebellum
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The tentorial fissure allows what to pass through it?
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Brain stem
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Meningeal arteries supply blood where?
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To the dura mostly
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What part of four bones come together to form the pterion?
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Frontal
Parietal Squamous temporal Greater wing of sphenoid |
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Cranial dura and spinal dura have how many layers each and what are they called?
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Cranial dura has 2 layers
-Periosteal dura ---up against the skull -Meningeal dura ---close to arachnoid mater Spinal dura has 1 layer |
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Name the sinuses:
What is the final destination of the sinuses? |
Superior saggital
Inferior saggital Straight Confluence of sinuses Transverse Superior and inferior petrosal Sigmoid Cavernous Final destination is the internal jugular vein |
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A 30 y/o woman with a history of migraine presents with miosis
(constricted pupil) of her right eye, ipsilateral partial ptosis (drooping of the upper eyelid on the same side), and ipsilateral anhydrosis (increased flushing or loss of sweating) above the right eyebrow. She does not complain of numbing around her right eye. She has had no recent interventional procedures.
In the right eye in low light the pupil is constricted and the eyelid is a little dropped |
Diagnosis= Horner's syndrome
--- Interruption of the sympathetic nerve supply to eye --- Can express itself in different places --- Drooping of eyelid (ptosis) --- Constriction of pupils (miosis) --- Decreased sweating (anhydrosis) Miosis = constricted pupil ---sympathetic responsible for dilating pupil Ipsilateral partial ptosis = drooping of upper eyelid Anhydrosis= loss of sweating and flushing ---sympathetic control No numbing= trigeminal working |
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Drooping of eyelid is called what?
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Ptosis
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Constriction of pupil is called what?
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Miosis
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Decreased sweating is called what?
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Anhidrosis
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What are the six bones associated with the orbit of the eye?
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Frontal
Sphenoid Zygomatic Maxillary Lacrimal Ethmoid |
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What two bones of the orbit of the eye are paper thin?
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Lacrimal and ethmoid
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What is the strongest bone of the orbit of the eye?
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Frontal bone
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Name the bones associated with the following parts of the wall of the orbit:
Superior Wall= 1 bone Lateral Wall= 2 bones Inferior Wall= 2 bones Medial Wall= 3 bones |
Superior wall= Frontal bone
Lateral wall= Sphenoid and zygomatic bones Inferior wall= Zygomatic and maxillary bones Medial wall= Maxillary, lacrimal, and ethmoid bones |
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The area around the orbit of the eye itself is called?
It is defined by what three bones? |
margin of the orbit
Defined by maxillary, zygomatic, and frontal bones |
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What are the five major nerves associated with the eyes, including subdivisions?
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Oculomotor (CN 3)
Ophthalmic (CN V1) Trigeminal (CN 5) Abducens (CN 6) Trochlear (CN 4) |
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Foramen of the frontal bone?
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Supraorbital notch. (Home of V1)
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Foramen of maxillary bone?
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Infraorbital foramen. (V2 goes out the infraorbital fissure through infraorbital groove into infraorbital canal to the infraorbital foramen)
Infraorbital artery follows path of V2 |
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Lacrimal sac sits in what part of lacrimal bone?
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Lacrimal groove
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What bone transmits the most number of cranial nerves and which nerves and what vein through what fissure?
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Sphenoid bone
Transmits CN 3, 4, 6, V1 and Ophthalmic vein |
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Supraorbital notch of frontal bone has what nerve?
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V1
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Infraorbital groove of maxillary bone has what nerve and vessel?
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V2 and infraorbital artery
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Optic canal has what nerve and what vessel?
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Optic nerve (CN 2)
Opthalmic artery |
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Inferior orbital fissure has what nerve and what vessel?
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V2
Infraorbital artery |
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Superior orbital fissure has what nerves (4) and what vessel?
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V2
Oculomotor (CN 3) Trochlear (CN 4) Abducens (CN 6) Opthalmic vein |
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What ganglion provides parasympathetic innervation to oculomotor nerve
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Ciliary ganglion
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What nerves provide sensory innervation to posterior and anterior region of eye?
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Short ciliary nerves and long ciliar nerves
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The opthalmic artery has what branches?
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Supraorbital
Supratrochlear Lacrimal Ethmoidals Posterior ciliaries CENTRAL RETINAL |
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Infection in what structure can easily backup into sinuses?
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Lacrimal apparatus
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What ligaments hold the eyes centered and in the socket?
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Medial and lateral palpebral commisures/ligaments
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What are the glands in the eyelids and what do they secrete?
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Tarsal and ciliary glands secrete lipid like substance
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Transparent region covering the iris and the pupil?
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Cornea
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Thick white layer covering the walls of the eye?
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Sclera
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The region between the cornea and the sclera?
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Corneoscleral region
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What separates the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye?
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The iris and pupil
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little openings near the corneoscleral junction called the?
Trouble with this result in a build-up of fluid called? |
canals of Schlemm
Buildup of fluid here called glaucoma |
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What are the muscles of the eyes innervated by?
What are the exceptions? What is the Mnemonic? |
The muscles of the eye are innervated by Oculomotor nerve (CN 3)
However, the lateral rectus is innervated by Abducens nerve (CN 6) and the superior oblique is innervated by Trochlear nerve (CN 4) "LR6 SO4 AO3" |
