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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Is normal rain naturally acidic or basic? What are some of the effects of acid rain? |
Rain is acidic with a pH of approx. 5.3 it causes the dissolution of marble. This also affects statues that were made of marble hundreds of years ago. |
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How does quartz weather, chemically, physically, or both? |
Physically |
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Which Rocks are considered classic sedimentary rocks? |
Conglomerate, breccia, sandstone, siltsone, shale |
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What are sedimentary rocks useful for? |
Deciphering the earths past; tells us about environments of depositions, they also house fossils which tell us about life on earth. |
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Most common types of rock found on Earth's surface? |
Sedimentary rocks are 80% of what we see; however they only account for 5% of the Earth's crust |
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What are carbonate rocks derived from? |
Secretions and skeletons of marine organisms |
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How can you tell if a rock is mature or immature? |
A. Mature- rounded pebbles/grains, well sorted B. immature- has angular particles and is poorly sorted |
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How can mechanical weathering speed up chemical weathering? |
Mechanical weathering breaks rocks into smaller pieces providing more surface area for chemical weathering to affect.... it speeds up the process |
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What does metamporphism mean? |
Change; rocks are changed into some other rock type |
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What are the agents of metamorphism? |
Heat and pressure |
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Which of the two is the is the most significant agent of metamorphism |
Heat |
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What heat sources contribute to metamorphism? |
Radioactive decay in the earth and magma |
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What is the geothermal gradient? |
Temperature increases by 30 degrees C per kilometer of depth |
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4 main types of metamorphism |
Regional, contact, shock (meteor impact), and hydrothermal |
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Difference between regional and contact metamorphism? |
A. Contact metamorphism us caused by magma or lava coming into contact with other rock. It affects a relatively small area. B. Regional affects a large area and is the result of either burial or tectonic events (convergence) |
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How confining pressure and directional forces change the rocks |
A. Directional forces cause foliation B. Confining makes the rock more compact |
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What is foliation, and what causes it? |
Parallel alighnment of minerals caused by directed pressure |
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Two most common non-foliated metamorphic rocks? |
Quartzite and marble |
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continent-continent convergence, know the gradation of metamorphism from the edges to the cdenter |
slate- phyllite- schist- gneiss |
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how are metamorphic rocks classified? |
Texture (foliated/non foliated) and composition |
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Do Metamorphic rocks melt during metamorphism |
No |
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What is quarzite derived from? What is slate derived from? |
A. Quarzite comes from sandstone B. Slate comes from shale |
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What type of rock is Yosemite Composed of? |
Generally granite. But it is made up of several types of granite as well as diorite |
