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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Integument consits of what 3 major regions |
Epidermis- superficial region Dermis- middlelayer Hypodermis- deepest region *subcutaneous layer deep to skin * mostly adipose tissue |
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Keratinized stratified squamos epithelium |
Epidermis |
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Cells of epidermis |
1.Keratinocysts - produce fibrous protein keratin 2. Melanocyst 3. Epidermal dendric- macrophages that gelp activate immune system 4. Tactile (merkel) cells- touch receptors |
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Protein protect against water |
Keratin |
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Dermis |
1. Cells include fibroblasts, mactophages, and mast cells and white blood cells |
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2 layers of dermis |
1. Papillary- areolar connective tissue w collagen and elastic fibers and blood vessels 2. Reticular- collagen fibers provide strength and resilency. Elastic fibers provide stretch recoil properties |
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3 pigments contribute to skin color |
Melanin Carotene Hemoglobin |
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Melanin |
Yellow to reddish brown to black. It is responsible for dark skin color Producd in melanocytes...migrayes to keratinocytes where it performs pigment shields for nuclei Freckles and pigmentednkoles |
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Carotene |
Yellow to orange...most obvioud in palms and soles |
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Hemoglobin |
Responsible for pinkish hues of skin |
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Sebacious oil glands |
Widely distributed Most developed from hair follicles Become acrive at puberty Sebum Oily holocrine Bactericidal Softens hair and skin |
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2 types of hair |
Vellus- pale fone body of hair of children and women Terminal- coarse long hair of eyebrows, scalp, axillary, and pubic regions...and face and neck of males |
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Alopecia |
Patches of hair |
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True frank baldness |
Baldness comes from mothers siee |
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Function of integumentary system |
1. Protection- 3 types of barrier 1. Physical and mechanical barriers ,,,keratin and glycolipids loack most water and water soluble substances ,,,,,limited penetration of skin by lipid soluble substances, plant oleoresins Ex posion ivy, organic solvents, salts of heavy metals, some drugs 2. Biological barriers Dendritic cells, macrophages, and dna |
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Skin cancer risk factor |
Overexposure to uv radiation and frequent irritaion to skin |
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Some skin lotion containing enzymes in liposomes |
Can help fix damaged dna |
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3 major types of skin cancer |
Basal cell carcinoma Squamos cell carcinoma Melanoma |
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Cured by surgerical excision in 99 percent of cases |
Basal carcinoma |
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Most common on scalp, ears, lower lip, and hands Good proganosis if treated by tadiation therapy or removed surgically |
Squamos cell carcinoma |
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Involves melanocytrd Highly metastatic and resistant to chemo Treated by wide surgical excision accompanied by immunotherapy |
Melanoma |
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Melanoma abcd rule |
A. Assymetry...2 sides of pigmented area do not match B. Border exhibits indentations C. Color is black, brown, tan, sometimes red and blue D. Diameter is larger than 6 mm |
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Causes of burn |
Heat, electricity, radiation, certain chemicals |
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Burn causes |
Tissue damage, denatueed protein, cell death, dehydratio and electrolyte imbalance, leading to renal shutdown and circulatory shock |
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1st degree burn |
Epidermal damage only....redness and edema and pain |
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2nd degree |
Epidermal and upper dermal damage...blisters appear |
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3rd degree burn |
Entire thickness of skin damaged Gray-white, cherry red or black No initial edema or pain...nerve endings destroyed Skin grafting is usually neccessary |
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Adolescent to adult |
Sebaceous gland activity increases Efdect of cumaltive environmental assualts show after age 30 Scaling and dermatis become more common |
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Old age |
Epidermal replacemt shows, skin becomes thin, dry, and itchy Sucutaneous far Nd elasticity decreases, leadinf to cold intoleranc3 and wrinkles Increased risk of cancer due to deceased numbers of melanocysts and dendritic cells |
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Types of epithelial tissue |
Epithelial tissue...cover Connective tissue...supports Muscle tissue..produces movement Nerve tissue...controls |
