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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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... headaches:
No consistently identified organic cause Reflect intrinsic disturbances of the brain’s pain system or perhaps an intrinsic heightened sensitivity to internal and external stimuli In short, ... headache disorders reflect inherited or acquired disturbances of the brain and its relationship to the rest of the body |
Primary
primary |
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... Headaches - Arise as a symptom of some other disorder
There are over 300 identified organic causes |
Secondary
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look at slide 8
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...:
Description -Recurrent, throbbing, usually unilateral -Usually associated with noise and light sensitivity, nausea/vomiting, and various autonomic features -The majority of patients experience some sort of neck discomfort during attack |
migraine
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Migraine with aura (“...”)
-Accounts for about 15% of migraines -... precedes headache up to 30 minutes before the actual headache (Fortification spectra, scintillating or zigzag images, scotomas) -Can have the aura without subsequent headache Migraine without aura (“...”) -Accounts for about 85% of migraines |
Classic
Visual disturbance Common |
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look at slide 16 and 17
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... headache:
-Usually dull and less localized -Usually due to overuse of pain medications (“rebound”) -Management consists of eliminating the offending medication (can be very difficult to deal with) |
chronic daily
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... headache:
-A periodic (30-90 minutes) attack of severe pain, primarily localized to the eye, temple, forehead, or cheek -More common in men -Several attacks can occur in a day -Will often awaken the individual from sleep -Usually accompanied by autonomic features (tearing, nasal stuffiness, conjunctival injection, ptosis) -More common in smokers and may be triggered by alcohol -May occur for months, then abate -Can become chronic in nature |
cluster
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look at slides 21 and 22
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... headache:
-Usually squeezing, band-like headache -Tend to be less disabling than migraine -Typically bilateral, but may be unilateral -Can be episodic or chronic -May have more migrainous features in individuals who also have migraines -Treatment is basically the same as for migraine |
tension-type
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... (...)
Painful inflammation of the cranial arteries -More specifically, it is a vasculitic condition of the aortic arch and its branches Affects older individuals (>50 years) 70% of affected individuals will present with ... -Usually in the temporal region but can occur anywhere in the head -Associated with other symptoms including generalized malaise, arthralgias, myalgias, fever, jaw claudication (jaw hurts when chewing), weight loss, and vision changes Can be associated with other rheumatological conditions If not treated, could lead to stroke or go blind |
temporal arteritis (giant cell arteritis)
headache |
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Temporal arteritis (giant cell arteritis) treatment:
Initiate ... therapy as soon as possible Follow the ESR May require ... drugs for long term management |
steroid
immunosuppressant |
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...:
-Most commonly seen in obese women of child bearing age -Has been associated with hypervitaminosis A, steroid use, and in individuals on long-term tetracycline Common clinical features -Chronic headache (usually frontal) *May be worse when laying down -Visual disturbances -Nausea, vomiting -Diplopia -Tinnitus -Dizziness |
Benign intracranial hypertension
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Benign intracranial hypertension:
Clinical findings -At least 75% of patients will exhibit ... -May exhibit ... palsy -Visual field loss |
papilledema
VI nerve |
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look at slide 31 and 32
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