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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the most common killer in America?
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CardioVascular Disease
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What's a CVD
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Cardiovascular disease. Infection of the valves.
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Can CVD's be cure with medication?
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Not really, CVD's do not respond to antibiotics because valves are made of cartilage.
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What are valves?
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Valves are one way doors.
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What is Echocardiography?
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Viewing the heart using echos, it's totally safe and noninvasive.
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What is the Interventricular Septum?
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Muscular wall between the two ventricles. *CONTAINS SA NODES!
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What are the layers of the heart? How many are there?Working from the outside in?
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Three layers, Epi --> Myo --> Endo +Cardium.
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Just a statement, no question: The bigger the blood vessel, the bigger the middle layer and connective tissue.
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Just a statement, no question: The bigger the blood vessel, the bigger the middle layer and connective tissue.
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Which part of the heart is considered the adult "heart"?
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Left Ventricle.
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What is an Infarction?
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Death of a tissue/organ due to lack of blood.
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What is Vascular Disease? (4 total)
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There are two forms in each valve.
1) Stenosis 2) Insufficiency 3) Both 4) Congenital malformation |
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What is Stenosis as a generalization of Vascular Disease?
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Stenosis = Valve that doesn't open properly.
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What is Insufficiency as a generalization of Vascular Disease?
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Insufficiency = Failed to close properly. (leaking valve)
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What is Congenital malformation as a generalization of Vascular Disease?
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A virus / bacteria / disease or infection of the valve. Seen in babies. Defect in the hearts developments... CAUSES: Infection, Alcohol, or Chromosomal defect.
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AORTIC VALVE : Stenosis
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Most dangerous valve problem = Forms gradients on valve (the bumps) and creates a pressure problem.
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AORTIC VALVE: Insufficiency
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Regurgitation / Leakage. Creates a volume problem. heart has to pump normal amount + regurgitation = HEART DILATION!
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What is heart dilation and why is it bad?
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LV HYPERTROPHY - The LV dilates and can result in sudden death because the LV just gives up.
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What's a Bicuspid Valve?
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A valve with only one fissure.
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MIRTAL VALVE: Stenosis
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AKA heart murmur. Head to hear. blood gets pumped back into the LA. It's a electrical signal error. 50% of people have this.
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MIRTAL VALVE: Insufficiency
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LV pumps blood into LA. Fixable, but with a huge risk. Heart might seem strong enough to continue living but people can die on the OR table because the heart cannot produce enough pressure.
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Atrial septal defect (ASD)
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Small holes in the heart. Small ones are not a problem (close by themselves) but larger ones need surgery to be closed.
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VSD
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Mixing of the ventricles. LOUD sound heard per beat. (thumb on hose reference)
*Can save babies lives by mixing blood for improperly working fetal hearts. |
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Quick reminder: LDL = BAD! HDL (2) 1) Big = Good. 2) Small = bad!
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Quick Reminder: LDL = BAD! HDL (2) 1) Big = Good. 2) Small = bad!
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Tetralogy of Fallot: How many parts? What are the two categories? Can you name all of the parts?
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Four total. One and Two are De-Oxygenated blood being sent to tissues.
1) Defect in upper ventricular Septum 2) Over-riding aorta over defect Three and Four are De-Oxygenated blood to ventricles. 3) Pulmonary Artery Stenosis 4)Hypertrophy of RV |
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1) Defect in upper ventricular Septum
2) Over-riding aorta over defect |
are De-Oxygenated blood being sent to tissues.
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3) Pulmonary Artery Stenosis
4)Hypertrophy of RV |
are De-Oxygenated blood to ventricles.
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