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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Wilhelm Wundt |
Founder of psychology. Opened the first psych lab Introspection |
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Gustav Fechner |
Studied psychophysics |
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Introspection |
person reporting on their most immediate, most basic conscious experience Not reliable or valid- therefore it was abandoned purple-legness |
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Impacts on behaviorism |
British Empiricism- area of philosophy (genetics are not important)(John Locke)(experience is everything) Positivism- "truth"= agreement among observers Evolutionary Theory= continuity among species. similarities should show us continuity of aspects in psychology Early 20th century optimism- pragmatism (pos experiences=success in life. experiences have influence on who you become) |
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John Locke |
blank slate |
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John B. Watson |
Father of Behaviorism S->R(Reflex) All behavior could be boiled down to reflexes Every behavior is observable
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BF Skinner |
Began behavior analysis (radical behaviorism) Most important psychologist ever Did not believe in S->R theorist Reinforcement theorist Internal events are not causal Cause of behavior are events in the environment genes+past experiences+current environmental conditions= behavior Countercontrol= "controlling yourself"
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Clark L. Hull |
Neobehaviorism (similar to) S-> R Theorist Intervening variables- internal event that modifies whether the stimulus has an effect. (always physiological) |
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Edward C. Tolman |
Cognitive Behaviorism S->R theorist Intervening variables-not physiological but rather cognitive Cognitive map-develops with experience |
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behavior |
an action that can be measured |
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Overt |
observable |
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Covert |
unobservable |
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stimuli |
Causes IV environmental stimuli nouns |
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behavior |
Effect DV response verbs |
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Functional relations |
cause and effect |
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behavior |
verbs |
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not behavior |
noun |
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tautology |
using the label to explain itself. Circular argument that doesn't get you to that cause of the behavior. "My knowledge caused me to get good grades." |
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Appetitive |
go towards (identified after response) |
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Aversive |
avoid (identified after response) |
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Establishing operations |
things that happen in your environment (not the subjective experience)(they are the events)(must be observable) |
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Deprivation |
increases appetitiveness |
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Satiation |
increases aversiveness |
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contiguity |
# of pairings together |
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contingency |
predictive relation (most important)(Rescorla-rabbits learn whether a tone paired with a puff of air) |
