Exam 1 206L

Front 1

Determining relations by altering one condition while keeping all
others constant and noting the outcome.

Back 1

Experimental Method

Front 2

discoverer of electron

Back 2

John Thompson

Front 3

Order in Nature

Back 3

Patterns
• Order
• Regularity

Front 4

SI Base Units

Back 4

temp kelvin
Amount of substance Mole mol
Luminous intensity Candela cd
Electric current Ampere A

Front 5

exponents

Back 5

10-9 nano n
10-6 micro μ
10-3 milli m
10-2 centi c
10-1 deci d
10+1 deka da
10+2 hecto h
10+3 kilo k
10+6 Mega M

Front 6

Electromagnetic spectrum

Back 6

We only see light wavelength section between the reds
and violets (750 nm and 400 nm)

Front 7

are random or
indeterminate errors- use average

Back 7

Precision errors

Front 8

This type of error always affects the measurement
in the same way.
• Repeated measurements don’t change the
outcome

Back 8

Systematic or determinate errors

Front 9

focus light from specimen
and creates a magnified image of specimen

magnifies image from objective

Back 9

Objective lens

Ocular

Front 10

resolution

Back 10

With a microscope, two points cannot be
seen separately if the wavelength of the
viewing light is greater than twice the
distance between the points

Front 11

defines resolving
power of a microscope

d = 0.612 λ / n sin θ

Back 11

Abbe’s Equation

n = refractive index of medium between objective
and specimen (air = 1.0, oil = 1.4)

Numerical aperture (NA) = n sin θ

Front 12

Aperture open

Aperture closed

Back 12

Resolution ⇑
– Contrast ⇓

Resolution ⇓
– Contrast ⇑

Front 13

binds to nucleic acids

Back 13

aceto-orcein

Front 14

Nucleic acids
emits blue >420 nm
absorbs UV 365 nm

Back 14

DAPI

Front 15

Actin filaments
emits RED 570 nm
absorbs Yellow-Green 552

Back 15

rhodamine phalloidin

Front 16

absorbs green
emits red
examine nucleic acids

Back 16

propidium iodide

Front 17

absorbs blue
emits green
tubulin

Back 17

Fluorescein

Front 18

1o antibody

2o antibody

Back 18

animal anti-target molecule)
mouse anti-tubulin
rabbit anti-vimentin

animal anti-animal antibody)
goat anti-mouse
sheep anti-rabbit

Front 19

• Vimentin
• Proteins coiled into thick cables
• 8-12 nm
• Anchors nucleus and other organelles

Back 19

Intermediate Filaments

Front 20

• Actin
• Two interwoven strands of protein actin
• 7 nm
• Maintenance of cell shape
• Important in muscle contraction
• Cytoplasmic streaming
• Cell motility (ameboid movement)
• Cell division (cleavage of cytoplasm of 2 cells).

Back 20

Microfilaments

Front 21

tubulin:
– Dimer of tubulin molecules (25 nm)
– Maintenance of cell shape
– Cell motility (flagella & cilia)
– Spindle formation during cell division
– Organelle movement in cell

Back 21

Microtubules

Front 22

Laterally compressed
• Thorax without a carapace
• 1st & 2nd thorax segment fused to head
• Head with sessile eyes
• Thoracic & abdominal segments similar
• Gills & heart are thoracic not abdominal

Back 22

Amphipods