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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the order inhailers should be taken
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First bronchodialators
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Name 3 ways bronchodialators work
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Alpha stimulation-causes vasoconstriction
Beta1:results in bronchodilation increases HR and force Beta 2 dilation of smooth muscle tremors tachycardia palpation hypokalemia |
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What is the difference between Beta one and Beta 1
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B1: bronchodialation increased rate and force
B20 smooth muscle bronchial dilation tremors palpation hypokalemia are side effects |
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What are 4 major categories of bronchodialators
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1)sympathomimetrics
2) anticholinergics 3) leukoptriene antagonists 4) Methylexines |
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Name 3 sympathomimetic Bronchodialators
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Isoproterol(Isuprel) Bronchodilates and B1
Albuterol(proventil ventolin) Terbutaline( Bethine) Beta 2 receptors |
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What are the side effects of sypathomimetic bronchodilators
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Increased heart rate palpitation trmors and restlessness
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What type of drug is an anticholinergetic
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Ipratropium (Atrovent)
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What are some nursing considerations for Ipratropium (Atrovent) a anticholinergic bronchodialator
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given 5 minutes after Beta Agonist
and 5 minutes before Corticosteriod inhailer |
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Can Albuterol and Ipratopium be combined
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Yes combient
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In what three ways does Methylxanthines work
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1)smooth muscle relaxation leading to dialation
2) Diuresis 3) mild cardiac and CNS stimulant |
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What are the 3 classes of Xanthine/Methylxanthine
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Caffeine
Theobronime Theophylline and synthetic Aminophylline |
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What are 3 indications of Xanthine/Methylxanthine
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1) Reversible airway obstruction due to asthma, Pulmonary edema, and pneumonia
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What are the side effects of Methylxanthines
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nervous restless tachcardic puke piss itch
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Is Aminophyline or theophyline prefered because it is less toxic and has fewer side effects
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Aminophyline
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What is one advantage of Theophyline vs Aminophyline
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Theophyline is given PO Aminophyline is given IV
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What are some nursing considerations about IV aminophyline
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Do not administer other drugs through same IV line
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What drugs should be avoided in those taking Methylxanthine
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Avoid chocolate colas and caffeine as they may increase the avsorbtion.
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What are the therapuedic blood levels of Methylxanthines
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10-20mcg/ml
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How are Methylxanthines excreted
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turns to caffeine in liver and excreted through urine
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How do Leukotriene inhibitors work
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Leukotreiene Inhibitors work by reducing inflammation, mucus secretion, and bronchoconstricition associated w asthma, by blocking lekotreine receptros
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Name a drug in the category of Leukotriene
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mntelukast (singulair)
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What are the indications of Leukotriene inhibitors
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Indications: used for treatment and or prophylicatixis of asthma
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What are the side effects of Leukotriene inhibitors
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GI distress headache weakness infection
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Name 3 Nursing considerations for those taking Leukotriene inhibitors
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Patients eat 1 hour before meal or 2 hours after
take ery day even when no symptoms monitor patients liver enzymes closely |
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What is the method of action for inhailed cortical steriods
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Act locally to suppress inflamatory response by inhibit antibody formation.
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What are some Drugs that are Aerisol Corticosteroids
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Bectomethasone (Beclovent, Vanceril) Fluticasone(C
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What are some indications of Corticosteroids
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Acute Ecacerbation COPD and ARDS
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Name 3 side effects of Corticosteroids
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Unpleasant taste, Tachycardia, GI disteress
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Nursing consideration with corticosteroids
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Wash mouth well severall times per day
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What is the standard short term treatment for TB
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First line antitubercular agents for 2 months then Isoniazid and rifampicin alone for a further four months
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How are compliance measured for Isoniazid and rifampicin
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urine tests
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Name 4 First line antubercular agents
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Isoniazid (INH), Rifampicin (Rifampin)
Pyrazinamide (PZA) and Ethambutol (EMB) |
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How is Isoniazid given
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PO or IM 300mg per day
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Wha tare some side effects of Isoniazad
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neuropathy hepatitus rash fever night sweats
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how long does Isoniazid take effect
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Effects after 2-3 weeks
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What are some nursing considerations with Isoniazid
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no ETOH teach hepatitus give med before meals
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Rifampin (RIF) causes which unique effect
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orange urine tears and saliva
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what side effect does rifalmpin have different besides orange tears than isoniazid as a side effect
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thrombocytopenia
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what are 2 teststs that should be done with RIF
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liver tests and platlet count
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What is the most common side efffect of Pyrazinamide (PZA)
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Rash is the most common side effect of Pyrazimide (PZA)
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What is the most likely first line antitubercule drug to cause hepatiitus
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Pyrazinamide (PZA)
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Ethanvutol (EMB) causes what unique side efect
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optic neuritus
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what is a nursing consideration with EMB
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Check eyesite frequently
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Ethambutol should be used cautiously in patients with what kind of disease
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Renal disease
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What is the drug of choice for Prophylaxis of TB
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INH
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