Ex. Ix - Neck Triangles

Front 1

Name the structures that make the boundaries of POSTERIOR TRIANGLE of the neck

Back 1

anteriorly: posterior SCM; posteriorly: anterior trapezius; inferiorly: intermediate third of the clavicle

Front 2

List the layers that make the coverings or the roof of the posterior triangle

Back 2

"1. skin; 2. superficial fascia and platysma muscle; 3. deep fascia or the roof; 4. investing fascia of the neck;

Front 3

Name the muscles and fascia that form the floor of the posterior triangle of the neck

Back 3

"1. splenius capitis
2. scalenus medius
3. levator scapulae; -these muscles covered by PERIVERTEBRAL fascia

Front 4

Name the structures that make the boundaries of the SUBCLAVAN TRIANGLE of the neck

Back 4

-above:by the inferior belly of the Omohyoideus; -below: by the clavicle; -base: the posterior border of the SCM.

Front 5

Name the structures that make the boundaries of the OCCIPITAL TRIANGLE of the neck

Back 5

-anterior: SCM; -posterior: Trapezius; -inferior: Omohyoideus. -Its floor is formed from above downward by the Splenius capitis, Levator scapulæ, and the Scaleni medius and posterior.

Front 6

floor of occipital triangle

Back 6

SC, LS, MS (middle scalene)

Front 7

Draw a diagram of a cross section of cervical spinal cord and label dorsal horn, ventral horn, dorsal root, ventral root, DRG, anteiror primary ramus of spinal nerve, dorsal primary ramus of spinal nerve, dorsal primary ramus of spinal nerve

Back 7

http://www.daviddarling.info/images/spinal_nerve.jpg

Front 8

Show your understanding of the formation of the cervical plexus of the neck by discussing its component and naming its cervical cutaneous branches

Back 8

Cervical plexus- formed anterior primary rami of C1-4. Cutaneous Branches-anterior/transverse cutaneous nerve, supraclavicular, greater auricular, and lesser occipital nerves

Front 9

Name the spinal cord origin and function of the greater auricular nerve. What is the functional deficit that would result upon severing of this nerve?

Back 9

GA: C2 & C3; -supplies skin overlying parotid, part of auricle, angle of mandible, and mastoid process mandible

Front 10

Following trauma, the patient was found to have a fracture of his middle third of the clavicle. The patient complained of sore muscles and numbness of the skin overlying the clavicle. Can you name the most likely affected muscles and nerves?

Back 10

Sternocleiodmastoid, trapezius; subclavian cutaneous branches

Front 11

What muscles would be affected if the spinal accessory nerve was cut as it cross the posterior triangle of the neck?

Back 11

Trapezius

Front 12

OIIF of omohyoid

Back 12

Origin: inferior = suprascapular ligament and superior border of the scapula; superior= intermediate tendon sheath below sternomastoid muscle ; -Insertion: lower border of the hyoid
-Innervation: Inferior Belly -C1, C2, C3; Superior Belly - C1
-Function: Pulls hyoid bone down and posteriorly"

Front 13

innervation of inferior belly of of the omohyoid

Back 13

C1, C2, C3

Front 14

innervation of superior belly of of the omohyoid

Back 14

C1, C2, C3

Front 15

function of the omohyoid

Back 15

pulls hyoid down and back (posteriorly)

Front 16

Name the major muscles that have their origin in the head and insert on the clavicle. Describe the function of these muscles

Back 16

Sternocleidomastoid: Function - when both contracted, neck flexes; single contraction turns head; Trapezius: shoulder muscles and posture

Front 17

trapezius functions

Back 17

superior supports weight of arm; intermediate retracts scapulae; inferior rotates and depresses the scapulae.