Ewing Biology Chemistry Of Life

Front 1

parts of microscope

Back 1

eyepiece, body tube, coarse adjustment knob, fine adjustment knob, arm, stage clips, stage, diaphragm, rotating nosepiece, objectives, base, mirror, inclination joint.

Front 2

compare and contrast EUKARYOTIC and prokaryotic cells.

Back 2

eukaryotic: large, have nucleus; consists of nuclear membrane and nuclei, has membrane bound organelles, cell wall is chemically simple, plasma membrane is chemically complex, complex chromosomes

Front 3

compare and contrast eukaryotic and PROKARYOTIC

Back 3

small, no nuclear membrane/nuclei, no membrane bound organelles, cell wall usualy chemically complex, plasma membrane chemically simple, simple chromosomes

Front 4

determine magnification?

Back 4

eyepiece times objectives

Front 5

nucleus function

Back 5

houses genetic material

Front 6

function mitochondria

Back 6

changes glucose into energy (atp) that we use to cary out life functions (oval with squiggle oval inside)

Front 7

function ribosome

Back 7

makes proteins through a proces scalled protein synthesis (globular/dots/not always constant)

Front 8

function chloroplast

Back 8

uses sunlight to convert water and CO2 into glucose/starch (green disks, oval with stacks of discs inside)

Front 9

function plasma membrane

Back 9

allows some chemical substances to enter and leave the cell (semi permeable membrane) (phospholipid bilayer and proteins)

Front 10

function cell wall

Back 10

gives the plant cell suport and structure (rigid hard lines)

Front 11

vacuole

Back 11

plays a role in cellular digestion and removal, stores nutrients and waste products, associated with urgor pressure in plants (ANIMAL-small circle PLANT- very large)

Front 12

plant and animal cells alike?

Back 12

mostly same organelles

Front 13

plant and animal cells different?

Back 13

plants: cell wall, large main vacuole, chloroplasts

Front 14

organelles in plant cell that arent in animal cell?

Back 14

chloroplast, cell wall, main vacuole

Front 15

what two macromolecules make up the plasma membrane

Back 15

phospholipid bilayer and proteins

Front 16

what is passive transport?

Back 16

transport that doesnt require energy

Front 17

list 3 reasons for proteins in the plasma membrane

Back 17

cell to cell recognition, cell signaling, transport materials

Front 18

name and explain the 3 types of passice transport

Back 18

DIFFUSION:the net movement of particles from areas of high to low concentration
FACILITATED DIFFUSION: proteins provide a pathway for some substrates to pass
OSMOSIS:the same as diffusion but with water. net movement high to low.

Front 19

what would happen to cells if a freshwater plant were placed in salt water.

Back 19

water osmosis out of cell, and dehydrate

Front 20

what is active transport?

Back 20

when the cell uses energy to move a substrate across the plasma membrane

Front 21

how does a cell use active transport?

Back 21

it can move against the concentration through protein or can be engulfed and disguised as taken across.

Front 22

endocytosis

Back 22

movement of large molecules into cell

Front 23

exocytosis

Back 23

movement of large molecules out of cell

Front 24

homeostasis?

Back 24

internal stability; equilibrium

Front 25

what 4 things need to be maintained in homeostasis?

Back 25

pH, temperature, blood glucose levels, salinity

Front 26

place in order:::: organ, organ system, organelle, body, tissue, cell

Back 26

oganelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, body

Front 27

are all animal cells shaped the same? why?

Back 27

no, they all have different functions

Front 28

are all plant cells shaped the same? why?

Back 28

no; they have shapes according to "jobs"

Front 29

name and explain the 3 ways cells communicate with each other.

Back 29

chemical reactions (release chemicals to influence acivity of another cell), cell recognition (recognize each other), cell receptors (receptor proteins get ,

Front 30

what is chemical equation for aerobic respiration?

Back 30

c6h12o6 + 6o2 -> 6co + 6h2o + 38ATP

Front 31

what is chemical equation for aerobic respiration in words

Back 31

glucose plus 6 oxygen yields 6 carbon dioxide plus water plus energy

Front 32

difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Back 32

aerobic requires oxygen

Front 33

what organelle is responsible for cellular respiration?

Back 33

mitochondria

Front 34

difference between products and reactants

Back 34

reactants create product. even when going backward.

Front 35

state function of each part of mitochondria

Back 35

outer membrane (protection) inner membrane (where electron transport occurs) crista (folds in inner membrane to increase surface area to increase atp production) matrix (like cytoplasm, houses mitochondrias DNA/ where krebs cycle occurs)

Front 36

how many ATP from glycosis?

Back 36

2

Front 37

how many ATP from krebs cycle?

Back 37

2

Front 38

how many ATP from electron transport?

Back 38

34

Front 39

where does glycolosys occur?

Back 39

cytoplasm

Front 40

where does krebs cycle occur?

Back 40

in the matrix

Front 41

where does electron transport occur?

Back 41

inner membrane of mitochondria

Front 42

what is lactic acid fermentation?

Back 42

occurs when there is buildup of lactic acid in the body. causes muscle damage and pain

Front 43

what is alcoholic fermentation?

Back 43

used in fermentation of yeast.

Front 44

what gas is released during alcoholic fermentation?

Back 44

co2

Front 45

what process is the only process that occurs during anaerobic respiration?

Back 45

glycolysis

Front 46

what is ATP

Back 46

adrenosine triphosphate

Front 47

what is ADP

Back 47

adrenosine diphosphate

Front 48

what factors afffect the rate of cellular respiration?

Back 48

exercise

Front 49

what cells undergo cellular respiration?

Back 49

all cells

Front 50

what is the chemical equation for photosynthesis

Back 50

6co2 +6h2o +light energy -> c6h12o6 + 602

Front 51

write out the formula for the equation of photosynthesis

Back 51

6 carbon dioxide plus 6 water molecules plus light energy yields glucose and 6 oxygen

Front 52

what organelle is responsible for photosynthesis?

Back 52

chloroplast.

Front 53

what factors affect the rate of photosynthesis?

Back 53

color of light, amt of light, amt of co2

Front 54

what cells undergo photosynthesis?

Back 54

plant cells.

Front 55

explain the carbon cycle

Back 55

people and animals take in o2 and put off water vapor and carbon dioxide. (all called aerobic respiration) plants absorb this co2 and put off oxygen. (all called photosynthesis)

Front 56

what are the subunits of a lipid?

Back 56

glycerol; diglycerides; triglycerides

Front 57

what are the subunits of a carbohydrate?

Back 57

monosaccharides; disaccharides; polysaccharides

Front 58

what are the subunits of a protein?

Back 58

amino acids; polypeptide

Front 59

what are the subunits of a nucleic acid?

Back 59

nucleotides