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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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velocity
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speed in a certain direction
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acceleration
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the rate of change of velocity
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volume
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a measure of how much space an object takes up
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mass
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a measure of how much matter is in an object
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gram
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the mass of one cubic centimeter of water at 4 degress celsius
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force
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push or pull
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Newton's 1st Law of Motion
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An object at rest remains at rest and an object in motion remains in motion at constant velocity unless acted upon by an unbalanced force
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Newton's 2nd Law of Motion
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F=ma
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Newton's 3rd Law of Motion
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for every action force there is an equal and opposite reaction force
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power
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the rate at which work is done
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energy
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the ability to do work
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kinetic energy
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energy due to an object's motion
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Law of Conservation of energy
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energy can neither be created nor destroyed by ordinary means
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wave
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a traveling disturbance that carries energy from one place to another
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transverse wave
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a wave in which the medium moves at right angles (perpendicular) to the direction of the wave
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atom
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a tiny particle made up of protons, neutrons, electrons and contains one nucleus
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atomic number
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the number of protons in an atom
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mass number
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the mass of an individual atom in AMU
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isotope
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atoms of an element with a specified number of neutrons
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valence shell
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the outermost shell of an atom
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refraction
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the bending of light as it travels from one medium to another
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half-life
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the amount of time it takes for half of the atoms of a substance to decay
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supernova
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when a star forms iron it collapses on itself and then explodes
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Big Bang theory
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About 13.7 billion years ago when a single point in the universe exploded, creating galaxies
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longitudinal wave
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a wave in which the medium moves back and forth in the direction of the wave
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How many milliliters are there in a liter?
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1000
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Will the mass of an object change if it is moved from Earth to the moon?
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no
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What are the two main measuring systems?
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English & Metric
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What does it mean when the acceleration of an object is negative?
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object is going backwards
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How many grams are there in a kilogram?
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1000
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What is the English unit of force?
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pounds
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What is the metric unit of force?
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Newtons
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How many Newtons are there in a pound?
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4.5N
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All objects at rest have (----) forces acting upon them
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balanced
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All objects at constant velocity have (----) forces acting upon them
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balanced
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All accelerating objects have (----) forces acting upon them
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unbalanced
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What is the equation for calculating work?
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w=fd
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What unit is used to measure work in the metric system?
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Joules
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What unit is used to measure work in the English system?
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ft-lbs
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1 hp = (----) ft-lbs/sec
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550
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What is the English unit of power?
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ft-lbs/second or HP
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What is the metric unit of power?
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Watts
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What does the word energy mean in Greek?
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work-within
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What unit is enrgy measured in?
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Joules
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What is the exception to the Law of Conversation of energy?
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nuclear energy
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What two measurements are needed to describe a transverse wave?
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amplitude & wavelength
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Which has more energy, a low amplitude wave or a high amplitude wave?
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high amplitude
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Which has more energy, a short wavelength wave or a long wavelength wave?
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short wavelength
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What causes sound?
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vibrations
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What is meant by one hertz?
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one per second
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Is a high pitch sound high frequency or low frequency?
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high frequency
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Is a high pitch sound long wavelength or short wavelength?
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short wavelength
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Approximately, what is the speed of sound in miles per hour?
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750 mph
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Approximately how long does it take for sound to travel one mile?
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.000005 seconds
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What is the charge on a proton?
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+1
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Where is the proton located?
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nucleus
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What is the charge on a neutron?
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neutral
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Where is the neutron located?
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nucleus
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What is the charge on an electron?
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-1
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Where is the electron located?
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orbitals
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How much larger is a proton than an electron?
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1836 times larger
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List the eight orbitals covered in class in the order that they fill?
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1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 4p
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List the seven types of electromagnetic radiation from least energy to most energy
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radio/tv,microwave, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma
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List the seven colors of the visible spectrum from least energy to most energy
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red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet
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What is the speed of light in miles per second?
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186,000
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What is the difference between AC and DC current?
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The direction in which the electrons flow
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What does frequency measure?
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sound
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What two particles can be added together to make the other particle?
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neutron & proton
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What is the value of g on Earth?
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g = 9.8m/s2 (acceleration due to gravity)
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If you double the mass of an object, what happens to the force due to gravity?
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doubles
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(----)centimeter(s) = 1 meter
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100
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(----)meter(s) = 1 kilometer
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1000
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(----)centimeter(s) = 1 inch
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2.54
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(----)mile(s) = 1 kilometer
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.62
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A sparrow accelerates at 4 m/s2. This means that each second the sparrow's velocity changes by how much?
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4 meters per second
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