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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is evolution |
The change in characteristics of a species over several generation and relies on the process of natural selection |
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How does evolution result in the change in traits frequency in the gene pool of a population |
Over reproduction, their DNA would become more common in the gene pool |
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Define the word adaptation |
A naturally occurring, heritable trait that improves an organism's fitness |
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What is fittest |
Survive longer and reproduce more |
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Which of the two factors of fitness is not actually required for it to be considered an adaptation |
Reproduce more, survival |
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What are the steps that are required for natural selection to occur |
Overpopulation and overproduction Genetic variation Struggle for survival Adaptation |
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What is overpopulation |
Organisms produce more offspring than can survive |
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What is genetic variation |
Individual organisms in a population of different DNA creating slight variations are adoptions |
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What is the struggle for survival |
individuals struggle to survive, those with adaptations best suited for the environment are more likely to survive and reproduce |
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How does the frequency of the trait coding for adaptation go up enteric coating for negative adoption to go down |
Adaptations allow individuals to survive longer and less reproduce. This would result in a higher frequency of their traits. Negative adoptions would keep them from surviving as long and reproducing |
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What does it mean when two species have a recent common ancestor |
Relatively speaking for evolution, they have involved in the same species |
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Fossils |
We can see that the change in a population over time through fossils |
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Homologous structures |
Whale fins, human hand, cat paw, bat wing |
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Divergent evolution |
Build up of differences between groups of species which can lead to the development of new species |
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What is homologous structure |
Structures in different species that originated from a common ancestor |
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What is molecular biology |
T |
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Vestigial structure |
Structures that once had a use but no longer are used |
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Mutations |
A change in a gene that results in a different protein |
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What is responsible for all completely new traits |
Mutations. They may completely new traits while sexual reproduction merely makes a new combination of these traits |
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What is artificial selection |
Evolution that occurs because of human interference |
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Stabilize |
Selection against the extreme phenotypes This causes average phenotype to become much more common |
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Directional selection |
Favors one extreme phenotype This causes a particular extreme phenotype to become more common |
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Disruptive selection |
favors both extremes This causes extreme phenotype to be much more common |
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What is convergent evolution |
Process by which different species evolve similar traits |
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What is analogous structures |
Structures with closely related functions but do not come from the same ancestor structure |
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How is convergent evolution different from divergent evolution |
Convergent evolution causes of organisms that do not have common ancestor. Divergent evolution causes organisms that have recent ancestor |
