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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Charles Darwin |
Believed all living things came from a common ancestor and more complex organisms arose from less complex organisms. |
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Jean-Baptiste Lamarck |
Believed all organisms evolved through perfection and complexity. |
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Adaptive Radiation |
Diversification of one ancestrial species into many descendent species. |
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Catastrophism |
How natural disasters over long periods of time have formed what Earth is today. |
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Gradualism |
Slow period of changes over a long period of time. |
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Uniformitarianism |
Geologic processes that shape Earth are uniform through time. |
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Speciation |
The rise of two or more species from one exsisting species. |
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Behavioral Adaptation |
Inherited traits that help an organism survive and reproduce in a given environment. |
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Physiological Adaptation |
Traits that involve internal function or chemistry of an organism. |
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Structural Adaptation |
Traits that involve physical structure or anatomy ofan organism. |
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Homologous Structures |
Similar structures in different organisms but have different functions. |
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Analogous Structures |
Have similar functions but not similar in orgin. |
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Fitness |
Things that give an organism advantages for survival. |
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Survival of the fittest |
The most fit organisms will survive and reproduce; passing along traits that aloud them to do so. |
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Gene pool |
Combined alleles of all organisms in a population. |
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Vestigal Organ |
Organ or structure that you no longer need. |
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Species |
A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce a fertile offspring. |
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Genetic drift |
Way by which allele frequencies can change due to chance. |
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Stabilizing selection |
When individuals near the center of the curve have higher fitness than individuals at either ends of the curve. |
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Directional selection |
When individuals at one end of the population curve have higher fitness than individuals than individuals in the middle or either end of the curve. |
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Disruptive selection |
When individuals at the upper and lower ends of the curve Haber higher fitness than individuals in the middle of the curve. |
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Five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg |
Genetic drift, gene flow, mutation, sexual selection, natural selection. |
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Behavioral isolation |
Two separate species are not capable of interbreeding, but they don't because of behavioral differences. |
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Geographic isolation |
When one species becomes separated by some barrier, they may develop into two different species over time. |
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Temporal isolation |
The mechanism that occurs when species reproduce at different times or seasons. |
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Natural selection |
Mechanism by which individuals have inherited beneficial adaptations produce more offspring on average than other individuals. |
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Convergent evolution |
Evolution towards similar characteristics in unrelated species. |
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Divergent evolution |
When closely related species evolve in different directions, they become increasingly different. |
