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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Evolution |
the process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from earlier forms during the history of the earth. |
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artificial selection |
the process by which humans breed other animals and plants for particular traits. |
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natural selection |
the gradual process by which heritable biological traits become either more or less common in a population
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adaption |
the process of animals adapting to the enviroment |
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fossil |
bone structure of the dead animal |
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homologous |
similar in position, structure, and evolutionary origin but not necessarily in function. |
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speciation |
the evolutionary process by which new biological species arise. |
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population genetics |
the study of the distributions and changes of allele frequency in a population |
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normal distribution |
are within one standard deviation σ away from the mean; about 95% of the values lie within two standard deviations |
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genetic equilibrium |
describes the condition of an allele or genotype in a gene pool (such as a population) where the frequency does not change from generation to generation. |
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reproductive isolation |
behaviors and physiological processes that prevent the members of two different species that cross or mate from producing offspring |
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subspecies |
category that ranks below species, usually a fairly permanent geographically isolated race. |
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Divergence |
2 Separate species are formed from one ancestor |
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Speicies |
a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding. |
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Extincition |
the state or process of a species, family, or larger group being or becoming non existant |
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Genetic drift |
variation in the relative frequency of different genotypes in a small population, owing to the chance disappearance of particular genes as individuals die or do not reproduce. |
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Stabilizing Selection |
favors the intermediate variants. It reduces phenotypic variation |
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Disruptive Selection |
describes changes in population genetics in which extreme values for a trait are favored over intermediate values. |
