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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Evolution |
the process of change by which new species develop from preexisting species over time |
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Artificial Selection |
the human practice of breeding animals or plants that have certain desired traits |
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Natural Selection |
the process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than less well adapted individuals do |
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Adaptation |
a trait that improves an organism's ability to survive and reproduce; the process of becoming adapted |
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Fossil |
the trace or remains of an organism that lived long ago, most commonly preserved in sedimentary rock |
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Homologous |
describes a character that is shared by a group of species because it is inherited from a common ancestor |
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Speciation |
the formation of new species as a result of evolution |
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Population Genetics |
the study of the frequency and interaction of alleles and genes in populations |
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Normal Distribution |
a line graph showing the general trends in a set of data of which most values are near the mean |
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Genetic Equilibrium |
a state in which the allele frequencies of a population remain in the same ratios from one generation to the next |
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Reproductive Isolation |
a state in which a population can no longer interbreed with other populations to produce future generations |
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Subspecies |
a taxonomic classification below the level of species; refers to populations that differ from, but can be interbreed with, other populations of the same species |
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Divergence |
the accumulation of differences between populations |
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Speciation |
the formation of new species as a result of evolution |
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Species |
generally defined as a group of natural populations that can interbreed |
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Extinction |
occurs when a species fails to produce any more decendants |
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Gene Flow |
occurs when genes are added to or removed from a population |
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Genetic Drift |
random effects on allele frequencies |
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Stabilizing Selection |
selection eliminates individuals that have alleles for any extreme type |
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Distruptive Selection |
selection acts to eliminate individuals with average phenotype values |
