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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Process of Evolution: Gradualism
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Morphological Change and speciation are slow, gradual proceses
---GRADUAL |
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Model of evolution - Punctuated equilibrium
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model of evolution, stating that morphological change and speciation are rapid,
PUNCTUATED-shorter |
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Comparing anatomy to show evolution evidence
Homologous structure |
Perform diff tasks but have similar anatomy
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Comparative anatomy to show evidence of evolution: analogous structures
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Diff anatomies but perform similar tasks
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Comparative anatomy to show evidence for evolution: vestigial structures
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No known function, anatomcally similar to functional strutcures in related organisms
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Comparative embryology to show evidence for evolution
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Similar form and sequence of development stages---think EMBRYO, DEVELOPMENT
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definition of species
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a group of interbreeding organisms
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population
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members of a species occupying a specific region
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gene pool
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all the alleles of all the genes of all the individuals in a population
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allele frequency
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relative occurrence of an allele in the gene pool
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MECHANISM OF EVOLUTION - genetic drift
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random changes in allele frequency that occur solely by chance
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bottleneck (genetic drift)
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situations drasticallyu reducing population sizes, leopards and elephant seals. wipes out huge #s of alleles and lots of DNA due to environment---genetic drift!!!
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genetic drift: founder effect
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islands and blue people of KY, no destruction: example of genetic drift
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Mechanism of evolution: gene flow
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addition/removal of alleles when individuals exit or enter a population. ethnic cleansing, slavery, hawaii: by destroying persons
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Mechanism of evolution: mutation
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any change in the sequence of DNA. important to evolution only if they onccur in the germ line, DDT/AIDS
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mechanism of evolution : natural selection
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increased reproduction of individuals with phenotypes that make them more likely to survive in a particular envirionment (survival of the fittest)
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interspecific competition
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between individuals of diff species, us an mosquitos
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intraspecific evolution
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b/w individuals within the same species, males in same species
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