Evolution

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Evolution

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change in the gene pool of a population from generation to generation by such processes as mutation, natural selection, and genetic drift

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Natural Selection

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the process by which forms of life having traits that better enable them to adapt to specific environmental pressures, as predators, changes in climate, or competition for food

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Artificial Selection

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a process in the breeding of animals and in the cultivation of plants by which the breeder chooses to perpetuate only those forms having certain desirable inheritable characteristics.

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Adaptation

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the ability of a species to survive in a particular ecological niche, especially because of alterations of form or behavior brought about through natural selection.

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Differential Reproduction

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only the organisms best adapted to their environment tend to survive and transmit their genetic characteristics in increasing numbers to succeeding generations while those less adapted tend to be eliminated.

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Fitness

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the ability of a population to maintain or increase its numbers in succeeding generations.

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Mutation

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a sudden departure from the parent type in one or more heritable characteristics, caused by a change in a gene or a chromosome.

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Migration

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The moving from place to place

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Genetic Drift

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random changes in the frequency of alleles in a gene pool, usually of small populations

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Structural Adaption

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structural adaptations are special body parts of an organism that help it to survive in its natural habitat

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Physiological Adaption

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An organismic or systemic response of an individual to a specific external stimulus in order to maintain homeostasis.

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Mimicry

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the close external resemblance of an organism, the mimic, to some different organism, the model, such that the mimic benefits from the mistaken identity, as seeming to be unpalatable or harmful.

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Camouflage

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concealment by some means that alters or obscures the appearance

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Analogous Structures

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Structures of different species having similar or corresponding function but not from the same evolutionary origin

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Vestigial Structures

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an organ or part which is greatly reduced from the original ancestral form and is no longer functional or is of reduced or altered function.