Evolution 2

Front 1

with what is the evolution of animals believed to begin?

Back 1

Marine protists

Front 2

in what period did multicellular organisms with hard parts appear?

Back 2

Cambrian

Front 3

what significant event happened at the end of the paleozoic era?

Back 3

Mass extinctions wiping out 95% of animal species.

Front 4

What was significant about the ordovician period?

Back 4

Developement of land plants. First fish and vertabrae. Extinctions encouraged adaptive radiation.

Front 5

Silulrian?

Back 5

Movement of species on to land due to adaptive radiation.

Front 6

Homologus structures

Back 6

Exist in two different species due to a common ancestry. (forelimbs on salamanders and opossum)

Front 7

Analogus

Back 7

Similar due to common function (wings on birds and insects)

Front 8

Convergent evolution

Back 8

Particular characteristic evolves in two separate populations.

Front 9

What is the name of the earliest known hominid? When and where was it found?

Back 9

Austalopthecus. Africa, 1970.

Front 10

What is the name of the oldest known fossil of the human genus?

Back 10

Homo Erectus. 1.8 million years old.

Front 11

Another name for the oldest fossils to be designated homo sapiens.

Back 11

Cro-Magnon man

Front 12

Life history strategies

Back 12

characteristics that differentiate the type of species that better develope in a new ecosystem as opposed to an established equilibrium.

Front 13

Equilibreal life strategies (K-selected)

Back 13

Long life spans, long maturation, low mortality, reproduce sexually, raise offspring, stay within established borders.

Front 14

Altruism

Back 14

Does not benefit the individual but benefits the community.

Front 15

kin selection

Back 15

a form of natural selection that favors altruistic behavior toward close relatives resulting in an increase in the altruistic individual's genetic contribution to the next generation.

Front 16

Taxonomy

Back 16

Organization of living thinggs based on morphology or genetics.

Front 17

Who developed taxonomy?

Back 17

Carolus Linnaeus.

Front 18

How is a species named?

Back 18

Binomial nomenclature. Genus, Species.

Front 19

What are the seven levels of classification?

Back 19

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, species.

Front 20

Phylogenetic tree

Back 20

evolutionary family tree of species

Front 21

What are the three domains?

Back 21

Archaea, Eubacteria, Eukaryota

Front 22

Archaea

Back 22

Prokaryotic, unique RNA, extreme ecosystems. Methan producing. Withstand high temperatures and salinity.

Front 23

Eubacteria

Back 23

Prokaryotic organisms known as bacteria.

Front 24

Eukaryota

Back 24

Contains all organisms possession eukaryotic cells.

Front 25

Kingdoms in Eukaryota

Back 25

Protista, Fungi, animalia, plantae

Front 26

Protista

Back 26

27 phyla/250000+ species. Photosynthesis, some ingestion and absorbtion. Large Eukaryotic cells. Algae, protozoa.

Front 27

Fungi

Back 27

5 phyla/100000+ species. Absorbtion. Multicellular eukaryotic filaments. Mold, mushrooms, yeast, mildew.

Front 28

Animalia

Back 28

33 Phyla/1,000,000+ species. Ingestion. Multicellular specialized eukaryotic motile cells. Worms, sponges, fish, reptiles, amphibians, birds, mammals.

Front 29

Plantae

Back 29

10 phyla, 250,000 species. photosynthesis. nonmotile cells.

Front 30

What are the 9 major phyla in the kingdom Animalia?

Back 30

porifera - sponges, cnidaria - jellyfish, platyhelmithes - flat worms, nematoda - round worms, mollusca - snails/squid, annelida - segmented worms/earthworms, arthropoda - crabs/spider, echinodermata - sea stars/sand dollar, chordata - fish/amphibians reptiles/birds/mammals

Front 31

what are the three subphyla of the phylum chordata?

Back 31

Uchordata(animals with tail cord/tunicates) Cephalchordata(head cord/Lampreyes) Vertebrata (backbone)

Front 32

what two sper classes is the subphylum vertebrata divided into?

Back 32

Agantha (no jaws) gnathostomata (with jaws)

Front 33

What are the six classes in the superclass gnathostomata?

Back 33

Chondrichthye, osteichthyes, amphibia, reptilia, aves, mammalia.

Front 34

Chondrichthyes

Back 34

fish cartiloginous exo skeleton, two-chambered heart, gills with bony gill arches, external fertilization (sharks, rays)

Front 35

Osteichthyes

Back 35

fish bony skeleton, numerous vertebrae, swim bladder, two-chambered heart, gills with bony gill arches, external fertilization. (carp, tuna)

Front 36

Amphibia

Back 36

bony skelton, four limbs, webbed feet with four toes, cold-blooded, larg mouth with small teeth, three-chambered heart, separate sexes, internal/external fertilization, amniotic egg. (salamander, frog.)

Front 37

Reptilia

Back 37

Horny epidermal scales, paired limbs with five toes. Bony skeleton. Lungs, no gills. Three chambered heart. Cold blooded. Internal fert. Separate sexes, egg laying. (snakes, Lizards)