Evidence -- Authentication*

Front 1

Authentication of Signatures

Back 1

Some kind of support to allow r/s person to believe signature is true

Front 2

Authentication of Signatures
Methods
(6)

Back 2

1) Admissions
2) Eyewitness testimony
3) Expert opinion
4) Lay opinion
5) Circumstantial evidence
6) Genuine exemplar

Front 3

Authentication
Ancient Documents Rule
(3)

Back 3

Admissible if
1) older than 20 years old
2) no signs of irregularities
3) in place of natural custody

Front 4

Self-authenticating Writings
(7)

Back 4

Writings that do not need to be authenticated
1) Certified copies of public docs
2) Acknowledged docs
3) Official publications
4) Newspapers
5) Periodicals
6) Business records
7) Trade Inscriptions

Front 5

Self-authenticating Writings -- Trade inscriptions

Back 5

Tag or label that purports to have been attached inc ourse of business and indicates ownership, control or origin

Front 6

Authentication
Photos

Back 6

Watch for personal knowledge problem; does fact testified to = fact perceived?

Front 7

Authentication
Non-Unique Items

Back 7

Propoent must law chain of custody
Small breaks in chain of custody -- not problematic
Large breaks in chain of custody -- problematic
NOT NEEDED when unique item (incl. markings)