Events Leading To Civil War

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Nativism

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A defense of native born people and a hostility to the foreign born, usually combined with the desire to stop or slow immigration.

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Know Nothing Party

Back 2

members of a movement that believed in banning Catholics or the foreign-born from holding public office, more restrictive naturalization laws and literacy tests for voting. ey were very secretive.

Front 3

Erie Canal

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a basic ditch forty feet wide and four feet deep with towpaths along the banks. It provided a route to the great lakes from New York.

Front 4

B. & O. Railroad

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the first railroad to begin operations which opened a thirteen mile stretch of track.

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Lowell Textile Mill

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relied on young, unmarried women to do run their factory while they were taken care of, had strict rules and required to attend church.

Front 6

Commonwealth v. Hunt

Back 6

the Supreme Court decided that labor Unions were lawful organization and that the strike was a lawful weapon.

Front 7

Irish Potato Famine

Back 7

Ireland came to the U.S. because of the potato famine in which more than 20% died of starvation and 20% came to the U.S. They worked very cheaply.

Front 8

Oberlin College

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the first college in America (Ohio) to accept female students.

Front 9

Ostend Manifesto

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the U.S. government wanted to seize Cuba by force, but when U.S. citizens discovered the plan, they charged the administration with trying to bring a new slave state into the Union.

Front 10

“Joint Occupancy”

Back 10

Great Britain and America, after coming to a compromise, allowed citizens from both nations to have equal access to the Oregon territory.

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California Gold Rush

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A man in Sutter’s Mill, California discovered gold where he was working and the news spread causing California to be flooded with gold miners, or the forty-niners.

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Slave Rebellions

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Gabriel Prosser gathered 1,000 slaves outside of Richmond to created an insurrection,but they were discovered. Vesey and his 9,000 followers planned a revolt, but word leaked out and they were discovered again. Nat Turner led a group of slaves with axes and guns to kill over 60 white people in Southhampton County, Virginia

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Compromise of 1850

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broke up the ominous bill, and introduced a series of separate measures that could be voted on one by one.

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Brooke Farm

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Shared education and labor, very artistic, and empowered women

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Oneida

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had complex marriages, totally self-supporting and created Oneida Ltd.

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Shakers

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they had a rule of celibacy and gender segregation as well. They grew rapidly due to adoption.

Front 17

Eclectic First Reader

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this was written by William McGuffey and it had a very Americanized tone for immigrants who were learning to read with it. 120 million of them have been sold and they are still used today.

Front 18

Alamo

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San Antonio mission made famous as a "last stand" for Davy Crockett and others

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Goliad

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and even worse fight than at the Alamo, almost no one survived

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Mexican-American War

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President Polk declares war. It was a war between America and Mexico from 1845 to 1848 that culminated with the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, in which the U.S. purchased Texas, California, and New Mexico.

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Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

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– this made the Rio Grande the border between Mexico and America, in
return America paid Mexico $15 million. The U.S. also assumes all of the debt, but Mexico lost half of its country

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Kansas-Nebraska Act

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Act that repealed the Missouri Compromise and introduced popular sovereignty as a means of determining whether states would enter the union as slave or free. It opened up
the territories west of Iowa and Missouri. It also created the Republican Party.

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Bleeding Kansas

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Name given to the battles between proslavery and abolitionist forces who tried to bring Kansas into the union as a slave or a free state, respectively.

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Romantic Writers

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James Fenimore Cooper who wrote The Last of the Mohicans; Herman Melville who wrote Moby Dick; also Ned Buntline and Mark Twain.

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Romantic Painters

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The Hudson River School: Thomas Cole (invented the style), Albert Bierstadt &
Thomas Moran

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Abolitionists

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William Lloyd Garrison published the Liberator which was purchased by black Americans. He thought that slavery was the decimation of a culture and he was very radical when it came to racism and slavery. Frederick Douglass was a self-educated runaway slave who was known for his oratory skills; he also published the “North Star”

Front 27

Free Soil Party

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Belief that slavery must be kept out of the Western territories, for the sake of
preserving Northern free labor.

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Abraham Lincoln

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Illinois lawyer who became famous after his debates against Senator Stephen Douglas and was elected the 16th president of the United States; his election convinced the South that slavery would not survive in the U.S. and led them to secede.

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Samuel Morse

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invented the telegraph system and the Morse code

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Horace Greely

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editor and publisher of the NY Tribune who was elected by the Democrats as a candidate for the presidency; also founder of the Liberal Party.

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Eli Whitney

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invented the cotton gin which helped turn America into a cotton nation

Front 32

Daniel Webster

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New Hampshire politician with a strong nationalist ideology; he opposed nullification by arguing that the people -- not the states -- created the federal government.

Front 33

DeWitt Clinton

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the Erie Canal was named “Clinton’s Big Ditch” after him

Front 34

John Brown

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Staunch abolitionist who led the Pottawatomie massacre and the raid on Harper's Ferry

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Dred Scott

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was a young slave to an Army surgeon who sued his owner for freedom because he had
taken him to a free state. The U.S. Supreme Court declared he had no rights as a black citizen which made the Missouri Compromise Unconstitutional

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Brigham Young

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Leader who took over the management of the Mormon society after Joseph Smith's
death and moved the community to Utah

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Joseph Smith

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wrote the Book of Mormon and founded the Latter Day Saints; also searched for the
“New Jerusalem” but was assassinated in 1844

Front 38

Edward Jenner

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created the Smallpox Vaccine

Front 39

Louis Pasteur

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created the method of pasteurization

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Grimke Sisters

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Quaker women who believed in the Doctrine of Equality; activist sisters who advocated abolitionism and women's rights

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Harriett Beecher Stowe

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wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin

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Sojourner Truth

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woman “Walk away” slave who was famous for her “Ain’t I a woman?” speech

Front 43

Harriett Tubman

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after escaping to the North, she assisted with sneaking more slaves over into the free nation. First woman to lead military assault in battle in South Carolina

Front 44

Charles Sumner

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was beaten severely by a southerner named Preston Brooks for speaking badly of his uncle about slavery

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Andrew Butler

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an outspoken defender of slavery; his nephew beat his opponent with a cane

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Preston Brooks

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after hearing Charles Sumner speak badly of his uncle Andrew Butler, Brooks gets even by surprising Sumner and beating him with a wooden cane which caused the politician to leave office for 4 years.

Front 47

Stephen Douglas

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Illinois Senator instrumental in the Compromise of 1850 and the Kansas-Nebraska controversy; he promoted the theory of popular sovereignty.

Front 48

Stephen Kearney

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General who tried to create a white government in New Mexico despite 50,000 resident Hispanics.

Front 49

Name a school for the blind

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Perkins School for the Blind

Front 50

What were various types of crops grown?

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Corn, Tobacco, Cotton, Sugar Cane

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Eli Whitney

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Cotton Gin

Front 52

John Deere

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Steel Plow

Front 53

Cyrus McCormick

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Reaper

Front 54

Samuel Slater

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Mill/Factory

Front 55

Oliver Evan

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Steam Engine

Front 56

Court Citation on Labor

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the Supreme Court decided that labor Unions were lawful organization and that the strike was a lawful weapon

Front 57

Name a School for the Indians

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Carlisle Indian School

Front 58

Growth in Slave population

Back 58

continues to increase despite their short life spans. Even
though the import of slaves is illegal, the states still remain trading between each other.

Front 59

First College to admit women

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Oberlin College