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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Characteristics
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-no cell wall -cytoskeleton -membrane bound nucleus -multiple linear chromosomes |
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oldest eukaryotic cells |
2.1 billion years ago |
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endosymbiosis |
-theory that mitochondria and plastids were formerly small prokaryotes living within larger host cells -plastids are chloroplasts and related organelles |
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evidence supportin endosymbiotic theory |
-similarites in inner memberane structures and fuctions -both have circular DNA -the genes in organelles are often closer to genes in bacteria than to eukaryotes |
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secondary endosymbiosis |
cells with photosynthesic plastids were englufed themselves |
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protists |
single cell eukaryotic cells |
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protozoans |
unicellular eukaryotic cells that are animal like |
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algae |
unicellular eukaryotic cells that are plant like |
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symbionts |
live in/on host |
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Giardia intestinalis |
2 nuclei and mulitple flagella reduced mitochondria, no DNA intestinal disorder, contracted by food/water |
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trypanosoma brucei |
sleepin sickness surface proteins change in each generation to avoid a hosts immune system spread by flies |
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Dinoflagellates |
internal cellulose plates causes red tides and bioluminescence poisions shellfish, can lead to toxicity to humans |
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Paralytic shelfish poisioning |
shellfish have concentrated neurotoxins highly toxic if eaten by humans |
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Plasmodium |
transmitted by mosquitos' salivary glands injected into human host ex: malaria tried to control is with cytoplasmic incompatibility in Wolbachia bacteria |
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Cytoplasmic incompatibility |
-infected male and unifected female = no offspring -infected females leave more offspring |
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Diatoms |
-hard cell walls with silica -resist decomposition -used as insecticide/filler |
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Brown algae |
-large, complex algae -multicellular -alteration of generations, diploid spore producing generation alternating with haploid gamete producing generation |
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Alteration of Generations |
-evolved among multicellular algae -alteration between haploid and diploid forms |
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Kelp / Giant Seaweeds |
grow really fast provide physical substrate and habitat for entire community |
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Foraminiferans |
-marine plankton -thread like pseudopods used to catch other plankton -shells made of calcium carbonate -indicators of ancient climate |
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Cellular Slime Molds |
-form multicellular aggregates under stress -cell remain separated by their membranes |
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Green Algae |
-grass green chloroplasts -chlorophytes and charophyceans |
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Chlorophytes |
can be uni or multicellular live in fresh water |
