Eukaryotes

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Eukaryotes, Fungi
cellular and Vegatative structures

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Grow best in acidic conditions that are rich in organic matter near room or body temp 37C
Mostly aerobic, use glucose or maltose for energy metabolism and glycogen for long term energy storage.
fermentation yeasts can grow in both aerobic and anaerobic environments.

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Reproductive structures

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Fungi have rigid cell walls.
Energy is obtain ed from chemical reactions.
Some are unicellular and multicellular cell walls contain chitin
Most fungi live in presence of 02.
Most fungi reproduce by sexual as well as a sexual modes.
The important feature of the reproduction is a single cell-Spore capable of regenerating the entire mycelium of a fungus.

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Reproduction of Fungi
A Sexual

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1. Molds form spores by mitosis
2. Yeast divide by binary fission (budding)f

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Reproduction
Sexual

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In molds compatible nuclei with in mycelium fuse to form diploid sexual spores. After a spore is released it undergoes several divisions until the haploid state is reestablished. Under starvation conditions yeast cells (haploid)fuse and form diploid nuclei that undergo meiosis and produce haploid spores. These spores become haploid cells.

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Algae
Cellular structure

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Unicellular colonial, filamentous tissues both sexual and a-sexual.
Cell Walls composed of cedllulose.
Abundant in fresh & salt water in soil.

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Photosynthetic apparatus

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Photosynthesis need light and air for food and growth.
Produce 02 and carbohydrates
Important role in the balance of nature.

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Protozoa

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Unicellular
Move by kpseudopods, flagella or cilia.
Use extensions of their cytoplasm psedopods(false feet)
Variety shapes and sizes

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Reproduction of Protozoa

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Sexually or A sexually.
Live as free entities or parasites.

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Vacuoles

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Large Vesicles (in cyhtoplasm)used to store water,proteins and water.