Ettinger Small Intestine 3

Front 1

What is the second most common form of ideopathic IBD?

Back 1

eosinophillic enteritis

Front 2

Eosinophillic enteritis commonly involves these two organs

Back 2

stomach
+/- colon

Front 3

Eosinophillic generally effects this aged animals and what 2 breeds are pre-disposed?

Back 3

young adult animals
Boxers
Dobermans

Front 4

Etiology of eosinophillic enteritits?

Back 4

dietary sensitivity
endoparasites
visceral larval migrans
ideopathic

Front 5

How is eosinophillic enteritis DX?

Back 5

biopsy

Front 6

TX for eosinophillic enteritis? Prognosis

Back 6

emperical TX with fenbendazole
dietary exclusion
immunosuprression
guarded even with inital response to TX b/c recurrance is common

Front 7

What is lymphangiectasia?

Back 7

marked dillation and dysfunction of the intestinal lymphatics. They leak protein rick lymph into the intestinal lumen causing PLE and low proteins

Front 8

What causes lymphangiectaisa

Back 8

Can be a primary problem or secondary to lymphatic obstruction

Front 9

Primary lymphangiectasia is primarily limited to this organ and is thought to occur b/c of this

Back 9

intestines
congenital - although not present at birth

Front 10

What type of breeds are MC for primary lymphangiectasia?

Back 10

small terrier breeds (Yorkie/Maltese)
Rots

Front 11

What is secondary lymphangiectasia caused by (general principle)?

Back 11

intestinal lymphatic obstruction

Front 12

What are 3 causes for secondary lymphangiectasia?

Back 12

1. infiltration/obstruction caused by inflammation, fibrosis or neoplasia
2. obstruction of the thoracic duct
3. RHF secondary to cardiac tamponade

Front 13

What are C/S of lymphangiectasia?

Back 13

attributed to loss of lymph:
-low protein w/ no diarrhea
- diarrhea, steatorrhea, profound wt. loss, polyphagic are MC
-Ascities or SQ edema

Front 14

DX lymphangiectasia
- clinical pathology

Back 14

low protein
low cholesterol
low lymphocytes

Front 15

DX for lymphangiectasia on endoscopy?

Back 15

white lipid droplets or prominent mucosal blebs. Might need to do full thickness for DX

Front 16

What could you find with SX for DX for lymphangiectasia

Back 16

thickened SI
dillated lymphatics - mesentary and intestinal serosa

Front 17

TX for secondary lymphangiectasia (general)?

Back 17

TX underlying cause

Front 18

TX for primary lymphangiectasia (general)?

Back 18

Goal is to decrease protein loss and halt diarrhea (inflammation)

Front 19

Dietary recommendations for lymphangiectasia?

Back 19

low fat
high calorie
highly digestible
supplementation with fat sol vit.

Front 20

What medications are used to TX lymphangiectasia

Back 20

prednisone
AB (metronidazole/tylosin) - are not helpful
diuretics if effusion

Front 21

Prognosis/remission for lymphangectasia?

Back 21

Can get remission for months to hyears; however, long term is poor with patients succumbing to diarrhea/effusions/malnutrition

Front 22

What are three common causes of PLE?

Back 22

Lymphoma
IBD
lymphangiectasia

Front 23

What are the MC causes of feline intestinal neoplsasia (3)?

Back 23

LSA
adenocarcinoma
MCT

Front 24

What are the MC causes of the canine intestinal neoplsia?

Back 24

Adenocarcinoma
smooth muscle tumors
stromal cell tumors

Front 25

What are clinical signs of intestinal LSA?

Back 25

middle aged to older
wt. loss, chronic diarrhea
progressive inappetance
diffusely thickened SI

Front 26

Clinical path of intestinal LSA?

Back 26

ACD
bloodloss (microcytic/hypochromic)

Front 27

On endoscopy what other disease is LSA difficult to DDX?

Back 27

LP enteritis

Front 28

What type of LSA cell line is MC in in cats?

Back 28

Large granular T cell LSA

Front 29

What are some genetic tests that are helping to Ddx LSA from IBD?

Back 29

PARR (PCR for antigen receptor rearrangement)
flow cytometry

Front 30

How dose PARR work?

Back 30

PCR assay when DNA is amplified and can tell if the majoriety of cells are derived from the original clone (neoplasia) or from multiple clones (inflammatory)

Front 31

How dose flow cytometry work?

Back 31

staining live cells with labeled Ab that bind to proteins expressed on the cell surface (T cell vs. B cell) and tells how many cell of each type are present

Front 32

For lymphocytosis- what genetic test can be used to DDX IBD vs. LSA?

Back 32

flow cytometry of peripheral blood.

Front 33

For lymphadenopathy - what genetic test can be used to DDX IBD vs. LSA?

Back 33

flow cytometry or PARR

Front 34

For cavity effusion or mesenteric LN FNA- what genetic test can be used to DDX IBD vs. LSA?

Back 34

PARR

Front 35

Prognosis for Dogs with LSA Intestinal neoplasia

Back 35

respond poorly to TX and risk of perforation

Front 36

Prognosis for Feline with LSA intestinal neoplasia - best TX?

Back 36

some cats can get long remission
Small B cell has better prognosis and responds well to prednisone and chlorambucil.
Large T cell lymphoblastic form tends to be more aggressive and resisiteant to TX.

Front 37

What TX can be used for cats with severe IBD?

Back 37

pred/chlorambucil

Front 38

For K9 adenomas/adeocarcinomas, what anatomical location occurs MC?

Back 38

LI>SI (duodenum)

Front 39

For feline adenomas/adeocarcinomas, what anatomical location occurs MC

Back 39

MC in small intestine - jejunum/illeum

Front 40

What physical characteristic can be seen on endoscopy with adeonomas? adenocarcinomas?

Back 40

adenomas - polyploid
carcinomas - plaques or stenotic lesions

Front 41

What are clinical signs of adenomas/adenocarcinomas? Metastasis to?

Back 41

obstruction
met to LN and periotoneal cavity

Front 42

TX for adenomas/adenocarcinomas?

Back 42

SX resection - grave prognosis due to mets at time of diagnosis - LN, liver, carcinomatosis
Chemo dosen't work

Front 43

Remission times post SX for adenomas/adenocarcinomas?

Back 43

Can be 2 yrs but generally <2 months

Front 44

Where anatomically do leiomyoma/leiomyosarcoma occur in K9? Fe?

Back 44

K9: SI jejunum or cecum- uncommon
Fel: rare

Front 45

Are metastasis common for leiomyoma/leiomyosarcoma?

Back 45

mets uncommon

Front 46

C/S for leiomyoma/leiomyosarcoma

Back 46

obstruction
intussciception

Front 47

DX leiomyoma/leiomyosarcoma

Back 47

rads & U/S
endoscopy is too superficial generally and SX biopsy is best

Front 48

TX & prognosis for leiomyoma/leiomyosarcoma

Back 48

exploratry
execellent after SX removal
slow to grow and met

Front 49

MST for leiomyoma/leiomyosarcoma

Back 49

21 months

Front 50

What are some causes of Ileus and pseudoobstruction (7)

Back 50

parvovirus
Abd sx
pancreatitis
peritonitis
endotoxemia
low potassium
dysautonomia

Front 51

How are Ileus and pseudoobstruction TX?

Back 51

R/O obstruction and TX underlying cuae
supportive care
prokinetic agents
cisapride, metoclopramide

Front 52

What on radiographs is indicative of SI obstruction

Back 52

1.6 x the height of L5

Front 53

WHat is the MC extraluminal cause of obstruction

Back 53

intussusception

Front 54

Intussusception is MC due to this in younger animals & older animals

Back 54

after gastroenteritits or intestinal SX
neoplsia in older animals

Front 55

TX for intussusception?

Back 55

SX correction
reoccurance is a risk
post-op feed adn get back to normal

Front 56

What is the prognosis if intestinal volvulus occurs?

Back 56

grave prognosis