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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What purebreed dogs are MC for PSS (3)?
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Irish wolfhounds
Yorkie terriers Carin Terriers |
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Feline PSVA are most common in these breeds (3)
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Mixed breed
Persians Himalyans |
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What abnormality do Bedlington Terriers have associated with the liver?
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Congenital abnormality in the liver Cu metabolism which results in Cu overload and developement of chronic inflammationatory heptabillary disease
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What breeds are predisposed to develope ideopathic chronic hepatitis (4)?
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Dobie
Labs Am/Eng Cockers Std. Poodles |
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What breeds are predisposed to to hepatic amyloidosis (4)?
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Shar-Pei
Abyssinial Oriental Siamese |
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What is hepatic encephalititis?
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neurological condition associated with failure of the liver to detoxify neurotoxins generated in the GI tract
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What enzyme is roughly proportinal to the number of injured hepatocytes and can occur secondary to muscle necrosis?
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ALT
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What two enzyme descrepencies would make you consider muscle dammage? X>X
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AST>>>ALT
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Up to what age can ALP be increased and be normal?
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7 months
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10X ALKP is consistent with what disease?
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cholestasis
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6x ALKP is consistent with these 3 diseases
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chronic hepatitis
corticosteriods necrosis |
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What happens to the liver when steriods are given?
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Hepatocytes enlarge and develope vaculation due to glycogen accumulation
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Can isoenzymes C-ALP help Ddx steriod liver dz vs. liver dz?
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Yes, but in reality, considerable overlap exists b/t isoenzyme distributions with C-ALP and L-ALP
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How much increase in ALP/ALT will phenobarbital cause?
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2x-6x ALP
ALT < 2x Are enzyme inductions |
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Which two liver enzymes for a dog on phenobarbital are not considered enzyme induction?
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Increases in GGT and AST should make more concerned for primary liver disease.
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Is feline ALP suseptible to RX induction?
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No. It's more specific for feline heptobillary disease.
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What do increases in GGT mean?
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MC cholestasis
High - intra/extra hepatic cholestasis |
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GGT>ALP in cats is consistent with these 3 diseases
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cirrosis
EHBDO cholangitis |
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GGT normal ALP 10X in cats
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hepatic lipodsis
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Where is albumin synthesized
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liver exclusively
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DDX for low albumin (6):
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liver dz
PLE PLN exudative cutanous lesions vascultitis acutre blood loss |
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Hepatocytes synthasize all coagulation factors but
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VIII
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Liver produces the vit K factors. What are they (5)
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II
VII IX X and protein C |
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What % of depletion of any coagulation factors must be present to cause prolongation in coagulation times?
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70%
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Which of the coagulation profiles increase first and why?
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PT b/c VII has shortest 1/2 life
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Why can PSVA have decrease BUN
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decreased urea production by an atrophied liver
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What is bilirubin?
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yellow pigment formed in the reticuloendothelial cells by processing heme
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How is bilirubin tramsported?
Extracted by this organ Excreted into this |
Billirubin is transported in plasam vound to heme and extracted by the liver, conjugated, and excreted into the bile.
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What is prehepatic hyperbilirubinemia?
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hemolytic anemia
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What is hepatic hyperbilirubinemia?
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impaired hepatic uptake, conjucgation or exretion
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What is post-hepatic hyperbilirubinemia?
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px with flow of bile with the extrahepatic ducts
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What is cholestasis of sepsis?
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circulating cytokines directly inhibit hepatocyte bilirubin transport
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What organ are bile acids synthesized and from what?
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liver
cholesterol |
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In the GI tract what do bile acids do?
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Aid in digestion of fat and recycled into th eportol circulation and re-extracted and concentrated in the gall bladder
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What is the major function of the liver with CHO metabolism?
At what % must be lost before hypoglycemia? |
maintain euglycemia during the fasting state.
70% |
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What type of urinary crystals occur with PSVA?
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ammonium biurate crystals
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Is bilirubinuria normal in K9/Feline
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K9 is normal due to low kidney threshold
Feline - abnormal due to low b/c of thigh threshold |
