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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
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• Rickettsia (a type of bacteria and therefore Prokaryotic cells)
• These have leaky membranes and must exist inside of host cells • An example of a rickettsial organism is Rickettsia rickettsii |
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Chlamydia
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• a type of bacteria and therefore Prokaryotic cells
• these organisms lack enzymes and therefore some of the metabolic machinery they need • an example of a chlamydial organism is Chlamydia trachomatis • This is the etiological agent of NGU or nongonococcal urethritis, a common venereal diease • A venereal disease is a disease that is directly transmitted from one mucous membrane to another |
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What is a venereal disease?
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a disease that is directly transmitted from one mucous membrane to another
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Typhoid fever
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• a waterborne disease caused by bacteria
• caused by Salmonella typhi • gram negative organism • causes diarrhea |
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Cholera
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• a waterborne disease caused by bacteria
• caused by Vibrio cholera • gram negative organism • causes diarrhea |
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Shigellosis
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• a waterborne disease caused by bacteria
• caused by Shigella sonnei and S. dysenteriae • gram negative organism |
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Infectious Hepatitis
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• a waterborne disease caused by a virus
• caused by Hepatitis virus |
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Polio
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• a waterborne disease caused by a virus
• caused by the Polio virus • causes paralysis |
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Giardiasis
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• a waterborne disease caused by a protozoan
• caused by Giardia lamblia |
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Tetanus
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• a bacterial infection caused by Clostridium tetani
• this is anaerobic (doesn't like oxygen) • spore-forming gram positive rod that produces a powerful neurotoxin |
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Listeriosis
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• a dairy product organism
• a bacterial disease caused by Listeria monocytogenes • gram positive bacteria • this organism is capable of growing at refrigerator temperatures and can be found in unpasteurized dairy products. (Also found occasionally in pre-packaged meat products) • This bacterial organism is a gram positive rod that can infect the CNS and cause meningitis • Pasteurization can destroy this organism and prevent infection (60 degrees C. for 30 minutes) |
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Influenza
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• caused by the Influenza virus
• the common cold can be caused by several viruses (Coronavirus, Rhinovirus, Adenovirus) • Pneumonic plague is caused by a bacterial organism known as Yersinia pestis • gram negative organism |
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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• yeast (eukaryotic)
• used as baker's yeast and to produce alcohol in fermentations |
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Lactobacillus sanfrancisco
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• bacterium
• used for sour french bread cultures |
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Penicillium roquefortii and Penicillium camembertii
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• molds
• used to produce distinctive flavors and textures in cheese |
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Spirulina spp. (algae) and Torula spp. (yeast)
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• single cell protein
• can be grown in industrial amounts to supply quantities of protein. • Single cell protein could be a more efficient method of food production than beef, pork, or soybeans, but it is not an ideal situation due to practical problems • Securing clean water along with geopolitical issues can interfere with this method of food distribution. |
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Penicillium spp. (terrestrial mold), Cephalosporium spp. (marine mold), Streptomyces spp. (bacterium) and Bacillus spp. (bacterium)
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• the four parent Genera used in producing antibiotics
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Escherichia coli
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• bacterium
• lives in the colon • gram negative • used as a major organism in developing techniques to move and recombine DNA resulting in genetically engineered cells • Genetically engineered cells have been used to produce t-PA (tissue plasminogen activator), insulin, HGH (human growth hormone), interferon, Factor VIII, fetal hemoglobin, etc. |
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Pseudomonas syringae
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• bacterium
• gram negative • used as a nucleating positive strain to promote water crystallization in the production of snow • A genetically engineered Pseudomonas syringe nucleating negative strain will inhibit ice crystallization and can be used on agricultural crops to prevent frost damage |
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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• blue pus organism
• gram negative • people with burns, skin graphs, highly antibiotic agent |
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Bacillus thuringiensis
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• bacterium
• can be used to destroy insects that damage crops • This organism produces a toxin which kill the larval form of the cotton boll weevil |
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What are the two species that can form spores?
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Bacillus and Collestrium
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Bacillus anthracis
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etiological agent of anthrax
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Pasteurella multocida
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caused chicken cholera
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Toxic Shock Syndrome
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• Staphylococcus aureus
• vomitting and rash • comes from the Greek works staphyle (bunch of grapes) and kokkos (berry) • The word aureus comes from Latin and means golden |
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What are some characteristics of the genus Lactobacillus?
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• small rod (bacillus) that grows in milk (lacto)
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What are some characteristics of the genus Micrococcus?
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• small (micro) berry (coccus)
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