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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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States with the highest percentage of foreign-born residents in 2010 |
CA: 25% NY: 11% TX 10% FL: 9% *primarily border entry states
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Cities with the highest percentage of foreign-born residents in 2009 |
Miami FL: 56% Santa Ana CA: 49% LA: 40% Anaheim CA: 38% San Jose: 39%
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Four states that have populations where minorities make up the majority |
California, Hawaii, Texas, New Mexico |
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15 States (DC) with the highest % of minorities in 2009 |
D.C. 70%, Hawaii 75% New Mexico 58% California 58% Texas 53% |
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15 States with the highest percentage of whites in 2009 |
Maine 96%, Vermont 96% New Hampshire 94% West Virginia 94% Iowa 92%
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Percentage of U.S. population by race and ethnicity in 1990 & 2010 |
*** just know that it does not add up to 100%
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census of 2000 |
people could check multiple boxes
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Race in the U.S. |
White: 72% Black 13% Asian 5% American Indian 1% Other: 6% Two or more races 3% Hispanic/Latino (any race) 16%
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% of all ONU students by race and ethnicity in 2009 |
83% white
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racial group |
perceived physical and biological differences
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ethnic group |
cultural and language differences
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minority group |
lacks power ($) not necessarily small in #
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what is a minority group |
Charles Wagley & Marvin Harris 1. group receives unequal treatment as a group 2. distinguishing physical or cultural characteristics held in low esteem 3. sense of peoplehood 4. membership is ASCRIBED 5. group members practice endogamy
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prejudice |
at attitudinal system of beliefs and feelings towards a group |
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discrimination |
1. demonstrating a bias, or showing favortism, based on group membership 2. the act of distinguishing or differentiating practicing discernment using judgement *actual behavior, differential & unequal treatment of other groups |
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T/F Mistreatment of a person because that individual belongs to another racial or social group is discrimination |
WRONG false (based on the group)
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T/F Deciding not to participate in, nor support, a group activity that you deem harmful is also a form of discrimination, but is...
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WISE (based on a behavior ) |
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Examples of discriminating act against groups of people |
-verbal expressions: name calling (ethnopholisms) -segregation (separate schools) -denial of opportunity: jobs/housing -legislative controls: prohibit voting -physical abuse: beatings -murder: lunchings -extermination: jews during WWII
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Examples of how we routinely discriminate due to behavior |
-make laws to protect people -choosing what airlines to fly -choosing a doctor -choosing a date -choosing a particular professor
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The Eugenics Movement |
Popular during the 2nd wave of immigration (1880s-1920s)
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Eugenics |
science of improving or manipulating the hereditary characteristics of a race by means of selective mating, primarily through a. restricting marriage b. sterilization
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Who started/introduced the eugenics movement |
Sir Francis Galton 1883 |
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Early Eugenics Organizations |
-eugenics research association -Galton Society of NY -race betterment foundations (BattleCreek MI) -Human Betterment foundation (Passadena CA) -American Eugenics Society community |
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Harry H. Laughlin |
key leader and spokesperson for Eugenics Research Association in 1920s -congressional committee on immigration and naturalization in 1920 -urged removal of the "socially inadequate" -feebleminded, insane, epileptics, diseased, dependent
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Alexander Graham Bell |
"one of the most respected, if not one of the most zealous participants in the American Eugenics Movement" -Mark Haller 1984
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1896 state Eugenics laws |
Connecticut restricted marriage & in the mid 1930s, 41 states had laws
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1907 state eugenics laws |
Indiana passed sterilization law and by 1930, 25 other states had such laws
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Why the decline of the Eugenics movement |
1930s -great depression in the U.S. & Hitler's programs in Nazi Germany
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1st wave of immigration |
When: 1600s to mid 1800s (Colonial Period) Who: Western Europeans Why: Religious and economic freedom How: small wooden sailboats
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2nd wave of immigration |
When: 1880s to 1920s (Industrial Period) Who: Eastern and Southern Europeans Why: Seize better opportunities How: Large iron steamships
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3rd wave of immigration |
When: 1970s to present (Modern Period) Who: Latin americans and Asians Why: Escape overpopulation, economic hardships, political turmoil How: planes, rafts, foot
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Immigration to the U.S. 1860-2010 know the 2 highest decades |
1990s: 9.8 million 2000s: 10.3 million
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Population growth of 5 great world powers 1900-2000 |
France, Germany, Russia, Great Britain, USA 76 million to 281 million during this time span Today 318 million live in the USA
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U.S. growth due to immigration |
U.S. Population quadrupled (76-281 million)
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Immigration Laws |
1875: 1st federal law barred criminals 1891: Bureau of Immigration-1st attempt at nat'l policy 1892: Ellis Island 1917: Immigration act (literacy test required) 1924: U.S. Border Control 1943: Chinese Exclusion Act 2003: U.S. Citizenship & Immigration services
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3 Theories of Minority integration |
1. Amalgamation 2. Assimilation 3. Accommodation
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Amalgamation |
A + B + C = D 3 immigrant groups become COMBINED and are no longer separate ***1st wave of immigrants*** "melting pot theory"
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Assimilation |
A + B + C = A over time, B & C become like A ***groups become like the dominant group in society Occurred during the second wave of immigration
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Accomodation |
A + B + C = A + B + C "Pluralism" or multiculturalism groups maintain their distinctiveness SALAD BOWL theory-we see individual parts
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First wave of immigrants |
Who: British, French, scottish, Scandinavians, Dutch, Irish German Why: religious reasons, economic reasons, political reasons, adventure
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What was life like during the 1st wave |
encounters with native americans interactions with other immigrant groups segregation for ease and survival xenophobia fear and contempt for strangers
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The British |
1st census over in 1790 2/3 trace their nationality back to British -plymouth & jamestown
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The French |
17th century settled primarily in 2 areas: Canada & Louisiana Territory "cajun" from Acadians -French canadians settled in bourbonnais
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Our Local French Canadian Heritage |
Francois Bourbonnais 1830 was a fur trader
Noel LeVasseur (born in Quebec in 1799) was the first white settler in Kankakee area -all were catholic french canadains "Le Petit Canada"
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British/French Conflicts |
continuation of conflicts from Europe French & Indian war 1754-1763 -religious differences: Anglican vs. catholic -language differences
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Revolutionary war: british in America |
United many against the British in America
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The Irish |
1830s-1850s came to escape British oppression and settled in Eastern cities (Boston) Problems: brought catholicism brought anti-british feelings
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The Germans |
William Penn: Englishman & Quaker brought the germans to PA "indentured servants" "Pennsylvania Dutch" from Deutsch in 1848 during a failed revolution
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Other groups |
Scandinavians settled in upper midwest Dutch: NY, MI, IL Scottish: frontier (Presbyterians) Welsh: PA, NY
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Social factors that helped unite diverse immigrant groups |
1. early catholocism 1820 2. civil war 1861-1865 3. New immigrants (the second wave)
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Factors contributing to the 2nd wave
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1. growth of U.S. Industry 2. Bigger and better steamships for travel 3. Difficult life in Europe 4. letters and ads from the U.S. 5. European countries encouraged emigration in hopes of solving problems
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second wave of immigrants |
Who: Italians, Portuguese, Greeks, Armenians, Hungarians, Poles, Czechs, Slovakians, Russians, jews, Ukraniains
came to Elli Island (1880s-1920s) and settled in cities
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Sociohistorical perspective |
immense national pride -social darwinism led to theories of racial superiority and hopes for human progress =eugenics, anglo-israelism 1893 columbian world exhibition 1916 the passing of Great Race (Madison Gant) -first wave of immigrants lumped new immigrants together -negative reactions to physical features Haymarket affair in may 1886 birth of "labor rights"
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The Poles |
experienced significant culture shock compared to others and sought identity in the church
Polonia: polish reside outside of poland -chicago is the largest # of poles outside of poland (1 million )
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The Italians |
immigrants faced violence and lynchings settled in urban little italys slower upward mobility
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stranger |
a particular form of relationship that consists of both social closeness and social remoteness
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characteristics of the stranger |
-mobility -relative objectivity -gain "confidences" of others freedom-not as committed to host members
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Measuring Social distance The Bogardus Scale in 1924
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1. accept close relative by marriage 2. close personal friend 3. accept as a neighbor on the same street 4. work with them 5. speaking acquaintance 6. visitor to one's country 7. bar from one's country
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deviant |
any individual who does not adhere to the norms of society (MLK, Jesus)
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stigma |
a noticeable difference that disqualifies one from full social acceptance (wheelchair, gender, appearance)
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stranger |
one whose newness to a situation creates an automatic stigma |
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Erving Goffman |
sociologist in 1963 wrote "Stigma"
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Goffman's Psychological coping strategies |
-correct or repair the stigma (or try) -master an area that shows triump -blessing in disguise -all people have limitations and adversity -excuse for lack of success or effort
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Goffman's Social coping strategies |
-avoid social contacts when possible -attempt to conceal stigma -redirect attention from major stigma to lesser, more socially acceptable stigma acceptance and voluntary disclosure
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How we respond to not getting along |
-immigration laws, multicultural curriculum and awareness, affirmative action policies, church ministries
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When was the first census |
1790 3.9 million
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Foreign borns in 2014 |
13% (40 million) were born outside of the U.S.
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Foreign born residents (U.S. census in 2010) |
America: 53% Asia: 28% Europe 12% Other 7%
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