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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Natural Law general definition
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-rule inherent in human nature essential to or binding upon human society
-inherent sense of right or wrong |
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Natural Law - Aquinas
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Humans are by nature rational beings and it is morally appropriate that they should behave in a way that conforms to their rational nature
-moral law from the nature of human beings -imperative to do good and avoid evil -morality is part of the natural order of things |
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Stoic Natural Law
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God in nature
-we desire virtue and aversion to vice -instinct for self preservation |
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Christianity Natural Law
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God is creator and independent
-we can determine right or wrong |
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Natural Law Aquinas 2
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Highest objective(supernatural happiness) good - God
-Subjective good - humans (natural happiness) -we need virtue (habits for good) for well-being and happiness -NL is the participation of eternal law in rational beings -it is by virtue of natural law that we discern bet. good and evil, act rightly in our relations to others and things |
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Natural Law problems
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What is and not in accordance with nature?
Found in nature, so practice? Is and ought. What counts as natural? |
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Social Contract three authors
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Hobbes, Locke, Rosseau
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Social Contract definition
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Agreement between individuals w/in a society to work together for the benefit of all, often involving the sacrifice of some pesonal freedoms
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Social contract results in ...
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Organization of society
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Social contract definition by Socrates
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Stay and abide by laws
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Social contract by Plato
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Social contract is source of justice
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Social contract by Hobbes
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Men are self-interested and rational and will choose to submit to authority in order to live in a civil society w/c is conducive to self-interest
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Social contract by Locke
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Protection of property
-w/ nature of morality |
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Social Contract by Rosseau
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Naturalized and normative SC Theory
-"property"-fall from grace of state and nature |
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naturalized social contract
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protect property for equality and protection
-SC claims to be in interest of everyone equally but is really to protect few strong and rich -suffers from conflict and competition |
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Normative Social Contract
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Remedy the ills produced by development of society
-how we ought to live by submitting individual will to collective and general (towards common goal) will thru agreements |
